Øhre Beate, Volden Maj, Falkum Erik, von Tetzchner Stephen
Oslo University Hospital.
University of Oslo.
J Deaf Stud Deaf Educ. 2017 Jan;22(1):105-117. doi: 10.1093/deafed/enw061. Epub 2016 Oct 27.
Deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) individuals who use signed language and those who use spoken language face different challenges and stressors. Accordingly, the profile of their mental problems may also differ. However, studies of mental disorders in this population have seldom differentiated between linguistic groups. Our study compares demographics, mental disorders, and levels of distress and functioning in 40 patients using Norwegian Sign Language (NSL) and 36 patients using spoken language. Assessment instruments were translated into NSL. More signers were deaf than hard of hearing, did not share a common language with their childhood caregivers, and had attended schools for DHH children. More Norwegian-speaking than signing patients reported medical comorbidity, whereas the distribution of mental disorders, symptoms of anxiety and depression, and daily functioning did not differ significantly. Somatic complaints and greater perceived social isolation indicate higher stress levels in DHH patients using spoken language than in those using sign language. Therefore, preventive interventions are necessary, as well as larger epidemiological and clinical studies concerning the mental health of all language groups within the DHH population.
使用手语的聋人和重听（DHH）个体与使用口语的个体面临不同的挑战和压力源。因此，他们的心理问题特征可能也有所不同。然而，针对这一人群的精神障碍研究很少区分语言群体。我们的研究比较了40名使用挪威手语（NSL）的患者和36名使用口语的患者的人口统计学特征、精神障碍、痛苦程度和功能水平。评估工具被翻译成挪威手语。使用手语的患者中聋人的比例比重听患者更高，他们与童年时期的照顾者没有共同语言，并且就读于DHH儿童学校。报告有合并症的讲挪威语的患者比使用手语的患者更多，而精神障碍的分布、焦虑和抑郁症状以及日常功能没有显著差异。躯体主诉和更高的社交隔离感表明，使用口语的DHH患者比使用手语的患者压力水平更高。因此，预防性干预措施是必要的，同时也需要针对DHH人群中所有语言群体的心理健康开展更大规模的流行病学和临床研究。
