Muhammad Shazwan S, Muhammad Aliff M, Asral Wirda A A, Hayati A R, Maizatul Azma M, Nur Syahrina A R, Nazefah A H, Jameela S, Nur Fariha M M
Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Malays J Pathol. 2016 Dec;38(3):273-283.
Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) are autoantibodies that attack phospholipid through anti-beta 2-glycoprotein 1. The actions of aPL are associated with events leading to thrombosis and morbidity in pregnancy. Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is diagnosed when a patient is persistently positive for aPL and also has recognised clinical manifestations such as recurrent pregnancy losses, arterial or venous thrombosis and in a catastrophic case, can result in death. Unfortunately, the pathogenesis of APS is still not well established. Recently, microRNA expressed in many types of diseased tissues were claimed to be involved in the pathological progression of diseases and has become a useful biomarker to indicate diseases, including APS.
This systematic review aims to search for research papers that are focussing on microRNA expression profiles in APS.
Three search engines (Ebcohost, ProQuest and Ovid) were used to identify papers related to expression of specific microRNA in antiphospholipid syndrome.
A total of 357 papers were found and screened, out of which only one study fulfilled the requirement. In this particular study blood samples from APS patients were tested. The microRNAs found to be related to APS were miR-19b and miR-20a. No data was found on specific microRNA being expressed in obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome. Analysis on the microRNA target genes revealed that most genes targeted by miR-19b and miR-20a involve in TGF-Beta Signalling and VEGF, hypoxia and angiogenesis pathways.
In view of the limited data on the expressions of microRNA in APS we recommend further research into this field. Characterization of microRNA profile in blood as well as in placenta tissue of patients with APS could be useful in identifying microRNAs involved in obstetric APS.
抗磷脂抗体（aPL）是通过抗β2-糖蛋白1攻击磷脂的自身抗体。aPL的作用与导致血栓形成和妊娠并发症的事件相关。当患者aPL持续呈阳性且具有公认的临床表现，如反复流产、动脉或静脉血栓形成，在严重情况下可导致死亡时，即可诊断为抗磷脂综合征（APS）。不幸的是，APS的发病机制仍未完全明确。最近，许多疾病组织中表达的微小RNA被认为参与了疾病的病理进展，并已成为指示疾病（包括APS）的有用生物标志物。
本系统评价旨在检索关注APS中微小RNA表达谱的研究论文。
使用三个搜索引擎（Ebcohost、ProQuest和Ovid）来识别与抗磷脂综合征中特定微小RNA表达相关的论文。
共检索并筛选出357篇论文，其中只有一项研究符合要求。在这项特定研究中，对APS患者的血样进行了检测。发现与APS相关的微小RNA是miR-19b和miR-20a。未发现关于产科抗磷脂综合征中特定微小RNA表达的数据。对微小RNA靶基因的分析表明，miR-19b和miR-20a靶向的大多数基因参与转化生长因子-β信号通路、血管内皮生长因子、缺氧和血管生成途径。
鉴于APS中微小RNA表达的数据有限，我们建议对该领域进行进一步研究。对APS患者血液和胎盘组织中的微小RNA谱进行表征，可能有助于识别参与产科APS的微小RNA。
