Roberts Georgia K, Stout Matthew D, Sayers Brian, Fallacara Dawn M, Hejtmancik Milton R, Waidyanatha Suramya, Hooth Michelle J
Division of the National Toxicology Program, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, NC.
Battelle Memorial Institute, Columbus, OH.
Toxicol Rep. 2016;3:531-538. doi: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2016.05.001. Epub 2016 May 12.
The National Toxicology Program (NTP) performed short-term toxicity studies of tetra- and pentavalent vanadium compounds, vanadyl sulfate and sodium metavanadate, respectively. Due to widespread human exposure and a lack of chronic toxicity data, there is concern for human health following oral exposure to soluble vanadium compounds.
To compare the potency and toxicological profile of vanadyl sulfate and sodium metavanadate using a short-term in vivo toxicity assay.
Adult male and female Harlan Sprague Dawley (HSD) rats and B6C3F1/N mice, 5 per group, were exposed to vanadyl sulfate or sodium metavanadate, via drinking water, at concentrations of 0, 125, 250, 500, 1000 or 2000 mg/L for 14 days. Water consumption, body weights and clinical observations were recorded throughout the study; organ weights were collected at study termination.
Lower water consumption, up to -80% at 2000 mg/L, was observed at most exposure concentrations for animals exposed to either vanadyl sulfate or sodium metavanadate and was accompanied by decreased body weights at the highest concentrations for both compounds. Animals in the 1000 and 2000 mg/L sodium metavanadate groups were removed early due to overt toxicity. Thinness was observed in high-dose animals exposed to either compound, while lethargy and abnormal gait were only observed in vanadate-exposed animals.
Based on clinical observations and overt toxicity, sodium metavanadate appears to be more toxic than vanadyl sulfate. Differential toxicity cannot be explained by differences in total vanadium intake, based on water consumption, and may be due to differences in disposition or mechanism of toxicity.
美国国家毒理学计划（NTP）分别对四价和五价钒化合物硫酸氧钒和偏钒酸钠进行了短期毒性研究。由于人类广泛接触且缺乏慢性毒性数据，人们担心口服可溶性钒化合物会对人体健康产生影响。
使用短期体内毒性试验比较硫酸氧钒和偏钒酸钠的效力和毒理学特征。
将成年雄性和雌性哈兰·斯普拉格·道利（HSD）大鼠和B6C3F1/N小鼠，每组5只，通过饮用水分别暴露于浓度为0、125、250、500、1000或2000 mg/L的硫酸氧钒或偏钒酸钠中，持续14天。在整个研究过程中记录饮水量、体重和临床观察结果；在研究结束时收集器官重量。
在暴露于硫酸氧钒或偏钒酸钠的动物中，大多数暴露浓度下都观察到饮水量降低，在2000 mg/L时高达-80%，并且两种化合物在最高浓度下体重均下降。1000和2000 mg/L偏钒酸钠组的动物因明显毒性而提前被移除。在暴露于任何一种化合物的高剂量动物中均观察到消瘦，而仅在暴露于钒酸盐的动物中观察到嗜睡和异常步态。
基于临床观察和明显毒性，偏钒酸钠似乎比硫酸氧钒毒性更大。基于饮水量的总钒摄入量差异无法解释毒性差异，可能是由于处置或毒性机制的差异。
