Gibbons Christopher H, Schmidt Peter, Biaggioni Italo, Frazier-Mills Camille, Freeman Roy, Isaacson Stuart, Karabin Beverly, Kuritzky Louis, Lew Mark, Low Phillip, Mehdirad Ali, Raj Satish R, Vernino Steven, Kaufmann Horacio
Harvard Medical School and Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
National Parkinson Foundation, Miami, FL, USA.
J Neurol. 2017 Aug;264(8):1567-1582. doi: 10.1007/s00415-016-8375-x. Epub 2017 Jan 3.
Neurogenic orthostatic hypotension (nOH) is common in patients with neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease, multiple system atrophy, pure autonomic failure, dementia with Lewy bodies, and peripheral neuropathies including amyloid or diabetic neuropathy. Due to the frequency of nOH in the aging population, clinicians need to be well informed about its diagnosis and management. To date, studies of nOH have used different outcome measures and various methods of diagnosis, thereby preventing the generation of evidence-based guidelines to direct clinicians towards 'best practices' when treating patients with nOH and associated supine hypertension. To address these issues, the American Autonomic Society and the National Parkinson Foundation initiated a project to develop a statement of recommendations beginning with a consensus panel meeting in Boston on November 7, 2015, with continued communications and contributions to the recommendations through October of 2016. This paper summarizes the panel members' discussions held during the initial meeting along with continued deliberations among the panel members and provides essential recommendations based upon best available evidence as well as expert opinion for the (1) screening, (2) diagnosis, (3) treatment of nOH, and (4) diagnosis and treatment of associated supine hypertension.
神经源性直立性低血压(nOH)在患有神经退行性疾病的患者中很常见,如帕金森病、多系统萎缩、单纯自主神经功能衰竭、路易体痴呆,以及包括淀粉样或糖尿病性神经病变在内的周围神经病变。由于nOH在老年人群中的发病率较高,临床医生需要充分了解其诊断和管理方法。迄今为止,关于nOH的研究使用了不同的结局指标和各种诊断方法,因此无法生成基于证据的指南,以指导临床医生在治疗nOH及相关卧位高血压患者时采用“最佳实践”。为解决这些问题,美国自主神经学会和国家帕金森基金会发起了一个项目,从2015年11月7日在波士顿举行的共识小组会议开始制定一份建议声明,并在2016年10月之前持续就这些建议进行沟通和贡献。本文总结了小组在首次会议期间的讨论以及小组成员之间的持续审议,并根据现有最佳证据以及专家意见,就(1)nOH的筛查、(2)诊断、(3)治疗以及(4)相关卧位高血压的诊断和治疗提供了基本建议。