Balmant Nathalie Vieira, de Souza Reis Rejane, de Oliveira Santos Marceli, Pinto Oliveira Julio, de Camargo Beatriz
1 Instituto Nacional do Câncer , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil .
2 Coordenação de Prevenção e Vigilância, Instituto Nacional do Câncer , Rio de Janeiro, Brazil .
J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol. 2017 Jun;6(2):341-347. doi: 10.1089/jayao.2016.0042. Epub 2017 Jan 4.
Adolescents and young adults (AYA) with cancer comprise an intermediate age group between pediatric and adult oncology, and have a spectrum of different types of cancers. Survival among this group has not improved as much as in younger children with cancer. The aim of this study was evaluate the trends in cancer mortality of AYA aged 15-29 years in Brazil.
Data were extracted from the Atlas of Cancer Mortality databases from 1979 to 2013. Age-specific mortality rates were calculated based on the deaths from each type of cancer and the period via a direct method using the proposed world population age groups. To identify significant changes in the trends, we performed joinpoint regression analysis.
The mortality rates per million were 54 deaths in those aged 15-19 years, 61 deaths in those aged 20-24 years, and 88 deaths in those aged 25-29 years. Leukemias, lymphomas, and central nervous system (CNS) tumors occurred at high rates in all age groups. Rates of cervical cancer were highest in those aged 25-29 years. There were significant increases in mortality trends in the North and Northeast regions for all tumor groups, especially CNS tumors. A small decrease in the mortality rate from lymphomas was observed in the South and Southeast regions.
Mortality in Brazilian AYA was slightly higher than in other studies conducted throughout the world. When separated by tumor type, Brazil presents a specific pattern, with high mortality from cervical cancer.
患有癌症的青少年和青年（AYA）构成了儿科肿瘤学和成人肿瘤学之间的一个中间年龄组，且患有一系列不同类型的癌症。该群体的生存率改善程度不及患癌的年幼儿童。本研究的目的是评估巴西15至29岁AYA的癌症死亡率趋势。
数据取自1979年至2013年的癌症死亡率地图集数据库。基于每种癌症类型的死亡人数和该时期，通过使用提议的世界人口年龄组的直接方法计算特定年龄的死亡率。为了确定趋势中的显著变化，我们进行了连接点回归分析。
15至19岁人群中每百万的死亡率为54人死亡，20至24岁人群中为61人死亡，25至29岁人群中为88人死亡。白血病、淋巴瘤和中枢神经系统（CNS）肿瘤在所有年龄组中发生率都很高。宫颈癌发病率在25至29岁人群中最高。北部和东北部地区所有肿瘤组的死亡率趋势均显著上升，尤其是CNS肿瘤。南部和东南部地区淋巴瘤死亡率略有下降。
巴西AYA的死亡率略高于世界其他地区开展的其他研究。按肿瘤类型划分时，巴西呈现出一种特定模式，宫颈癌死亡率很高。
