Instituto Nacional do Cancer, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BR.
Centro de Pesquisa, Instituto Nacional de Cancer, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, BR.
Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2019 May 13;74:e858. doi: 10.6061/clinics/2019/e858.
Bone cancers occur frequently in children, adolescents, and young adults aging 15 to 29 years. Osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma are the most frequent subtypes in this population. The aim of this study was to describe incidence and mortality trends of bone cancers among Brazilian children, adolescents and young adults.
Incidence information was obtained from 23 population-based cancer registries. Mortality data were extracted from the Atlas of Cancer Mortality from 1979 to 2013. Specific and adjusted rates per million were analyzed according to gender, morphology and age at diagnosis. Median rates were used as a measure of central tendency. Joinpoint regression was applied to analyze trends.
Median incidence rates were 5.74 and 11.25 cases per million in children and young adults respectively. Osteosarcoma in the 15-19 years aged group had the highest incidence rates. Stable incidence rates were observed among five registries in 0-14 year's age group. Four registries had a decreased incidence trend among adolescents and young adults. Median mortality rates were 1.22 and 5.07 deaths per million in children and young adults respectively. Increased mortality was observed on the North and Northeast regions. Decreased mortality trends were seen in the South (children) and Southeast (adolescents and young adults).
Osteosarcoma and Ewing Sarcoma are the most incident bone cancers in all Brazilian regions. Bone cancers showed incidence and mortality patterns variation within the geographic regions and across age groups, although not significant. Despite limitations, it is crucial to monitor cancer epidemiology trends across geographic Brazilian regions.
骨癌在 15 至 29 岁的儿童、青少年和年轻人中较为常见。骨肉瘤和尤因肉瘤是该人群中最常见的亚型。本研究旨在描述巴西儿童、青少年和年轻成人骨癌的发病率和死亡率趋势。
发病率信息来自 23 个基于人群的癌症登记处。1979 年至 2013 年期间，从《癌症死亡率图集》中提取了死亡率数据。根据性别、形态和诊断时的年龄，对每百万人口的特定和调整后的发病率进行了分析。中位数率用作集中趋势的度量。应用 Joinpoint 回归分析趋势。
儿童和年轻人的中位数发病率分别为每百万 5.74 例和 11.25 例。15-19 岁年龄组的骨肉瘤发病率最高。0-14 岁年龄组的 5 个登记处的发病率保持稳定。4 个登记处的青少年和年轻人的发病率呈下降趋势。儿童和年轻人的中位数死亡率分别为每百万 1.22 例和 5.07 例。北部和东北部地区的死亡率增加。南部（儿童）和东南部（青少年和年轻成人）的死亡率呈下降趋势。
骨肉瘤和尤因肉瘤是巴西所有地区最常见的骨癌。尽管没有显著差异，但骨癌的发病率和死亡率模式在地理区域和年龄组之间存在差异。尽管存在局限性，但监测巴西各地区癌症流行病学趋势至关重要。
