Lathia Neal, Sandstrom Gillian M, Mascolo Cecilia, Rentfrow Peter J
Computer Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
Department of Psychology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
PLoS One. 2017 Jan 4;12(1):e0160589. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160589. eCollection 2017.
Physical activity, both exercise and non-exercise, has far-reaching benefits to physical health. Although exercise has also been linked to psychological health (e.g., happiness), little research has examined physical activity more broadly, taking into account non-exercise activity as well as exercise. We examined the relationship between physical activity (measured broadly) and happiness using a smartphone application. This app has collected self-reports of happiness and physical activity from over ten thousand participants, while passively gathering information about physical activity from the accelerometers on users' phones. The findings reveal that individuals who are more physically active are happier. Further, individuals are happier in the moments when they are more physically active. These results emerged when assessing activity subjectively, via self-report, or objectively, via participants' smartphone accelerometers. Overall, this research suggests that not only exercise but also non-exercise physical activity is related to happiness. This research further demonstrates how smartphones can be used to collect large-scale data to examine psychological, behavioral, and health-related phenomena as they naturally occur in everyday life.
身体活动，包括锻炼和非锻炼活动，对身体健康有着深远的益处。虽然锻炼也与心理健康（如幸福感）有关，但很少有研究更广泛地考察身体活动，将非锻炼活动以及锻炼都考虑在内。我们使用一款智能手机应用程序研究了（广义上衡量的）身体活动与幸福感之间的关系。这款应用程序收集了一万多名参与者关于幸福感和身体活动的自我报告，同时通过用户手机上的加速度计被动收集有关身体活动的信息。研究结果显示，身体活动更频繁的个体更幸福。此外，个体在身体活动更频繁的时刻也更幸福。这些结果在通过自我报告主观评估活动时出现，也在通过参与者的智能手机加速度计客观评估活动时出现。总体而言，这项研究表明不仅锻炼，而且非锻炼的身体活动也与幸福感有关。这项研究进一步证明了智能手机可如何用于收集大规模数据，以考察日常生活中自然发生的心理、行为和健康相关现象。
