Luciano Michelle, Corley Janie, Cox Simon R, Valdés Hernández Maria C, Craig Leone C A, Dickie David Alexander, Karama Sherif, McNeill Geraldine M, Bastin Mark E, Wardlaw Joanna M, Deary Ian J
From the Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology (M.L., J.C., S.R.C., I.J.D.), Department of Psychology (M.L., J.C., S.R.C., I.J.D.), Brain Research Imaging Centre (M.C.V.H., D.A.D., M.E.B., J.M.W.), Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences (M.C.V.H., D.A.D., M.E.B., J.M.W.), and Scottish Imaging Network, A Platform for Scientific Excellence (SINAPSE) Collaboration, Department of Neuroimaging Sciences (S.R.C., M.C.V.H., D.A.D., M.E.B., J.M.W.), University of Edinburgh; Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health (L.C.A.C.) and The Institute of Applied Health Sciences (G.M.M.), University of Aberdeen, UK; and Montreal Neurological Institute and Hospital and Douglas Mental Health University Institute (S.K.), McGill University, Canada.
Neurology. 2017 Jan 31;88(5):449-455. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000003559. Epub 2017 Jan 4.
To assess the association between Mediterranean-type diet (MeDi) and change in brain MRI volumetric measures and mean cortical thickness across a 3-year period in older age (73-76 years).
We focused on 2 longitudinal brain volumes (total and gray matter; n = 401 and 398, respectively) plus a longitudinal measurement of cortical thickness (n = 323), for which the previous cross-sectional evidence of an association with the MeDi was strongest. Adherence to the MeDi was calculated from data gathered from a food frequency questionnaire at age 70, 3 years prior to the baseline imaging data collection.
In regression models adjusting for relevant demographic and physical health indicators, we found that lower adherence to the MeDi was associated with greater 3-year reduction in total brain volume (explaining 0.5% of variance, p < 0.05). This effect was half the size of the largest covariate effect (i.e., age). Cross-sectional associations between MeDi and baseline MRI measures in 562 participants were not significant. Targeted analyses of meat and fish consumption did not replicate previous associations with total brain volume or total gray matter volume.
Lower adherence to the MeDi in an older Scottish cohort is predictive of total brain atrophy over a 3-year interval. Fish and meat consumption does not drive this change, suggesting that other components of the MeDi or, possibly, all of its components in combination are responsible for the association.
评估地中海式饮食（MeDi）与老年（73 - 76岁）人群在3年期间脑磁共振成像（MRI）体积测量值变化及平均皮质厚度之间的关联。
我们重点关注2个纵向脑容量指标（总体积和灰质体积；分别为n = 401和398）以及1个皮质厚度的纵向测量指标（n = 323），此前关于这些指标与MeDi之间关联的横断面证据最为充分。MeDi依从性是根据在基线成像数据收集前3年（即70岁时）通过食物频率问卷收集的数据计算得出的。
在对相关人口统计学和身体健康指标进行调整的回归模型中，我们发现对MeDi的依从性较低与3年期间脑总体积的更大减少相关（解释了0.5%的方差，p < 0.05）。这种效应的大小是最大协变量效应（即年龄）的一半。在562名参与者中，MeDi与基线MRI测量值之间的横断面关联不显著。针对肉类和鱼类消费的针对性分析并未重现先前与脑总体积或总灰质体积的关联。
在一个苏格兰老年队列中，对MeDi的依从性较低可预测3年期间的全脑萎缩。鱼类和肉类消费并非导致这种变化的原因，这表明MeDi的其他成分或可能是其所有成分共同作用导致了这种关联。
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