Divband Kolsum, Shokri Hojjatollah, Khosravi Ali Reza
Mycology Research Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Amol University of Special Modern Technologies, Amol, Iran.
Microb Pathog. 2017 Mar;104:1-5. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.01.011. Epub 2017 Jan 3.
The aims of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of Thymus vulgaris (T. vulgaris) essential oil on the fungal growth and Tri4 gene expression in Fusarium oxysporum (F. oxysporum) strains. The oil was obtained by water-distillation using a Clevenger-type system. The chemical composition of the essential oil was obtained by gas chromatography- mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) and by retention indices. The antifungal activity was evaluated by broth microdilution assay. A quantitative real time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) assay was also developed specific for F. oxysporum on the basis of trichothecene biosynthetic gene, Tri4, which allowed discrimination from F. oxysporum. Results showed thymol (32.67%) and p-cymene (16.68%) as the main components of T. vulgaris. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values varied from 5 to 20 μg/ml with T. vulgaris (mean: 10.50 μg/ml), while minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) values ranged from 8 to 30 μg/ml with mean value of 16.20 μg/ml qRT-PCR results revealed a downregulation from 4.04 to 6.27 fold of Tri4 gene expression of the fungi exposed to T. vulgaris essential oil. The results suggest that T. vulgaris oil can be considered potential alternative natural fungicide to the synthetic chemicals that are currently used to prevent and control seed-borne diseases.
本研究旨在评估百里香（Thymus vulgaris）精油对尖孢镰刀菌（Fusarium oxysporum）菌株真菌生长及Tri4基因表达的影响。该精油通过采用克利夫enger型装置的水蒸馏法获得。利用气相色谱 - 质谱联用仪（GC-MS）及保留指数确定了精油的化学成分。通过肉汤微量稀释法评估其抗真菌活性。基于单端孢霉烯生物合成基因Tri4开发了一种针对尖孢镰刀菌的定量实时RT-PCR（qRT-PCR）检测方法，该方法可区分尖孢镰刀菌。结果表明，百里香精油的主要成分是百里香酚（32.67%）和对伞花烃（16.68%）。百里香精油的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）值在5至20μg/ml之间（平均为10.50μg/ml），而最低杀菌浓度（MFC）值在8至30μg/ml之间，平均值为16.20μg/ml。qRT-PCR结果显示，暴露于百里香精油的真菌Tri4基因表达下调了4.04至6.27倍。结果表明，百里香精油可被视为一种潜在的天然替代杀菌剂，以替代目前用于预防和控制种传疾病的合成化学品。
