Mechtel Marci, Stoeckle Ashley
Semin Oncol Nurs. 2017 Feb;33(1):87-97. doi: 10.1016/j.soncn.2016.11.009. Epub 2017 Jan 4.
To review the psychosocial aspects experienced by children with cancer undergoing surgical and procedural treatments.
CINAHL, PubMed, and PsycINFO resources.
The diagnosis of cancer is a threatening experience for the pediatric patient with cancer leading to anxiety and distress, which is elevated with a surgical or procedural approach to treatment. Assessing the child's developmental level and previous experiences are fundamental in identifying the appropriate interventions to reduce anxiety and distress to support effective coping.
Nurses are instrumental in assessing the child's level of anxiety related to surgical procedures. Suggested evidence-based interventions for anxiety and distress include therapeutic play, structured educational preparation, and art-based programs (ie, Hope Bead program).
回顾接受手术和相关治疗的癌症患儿所经历的心理社会方面的情况。
护理学与健康领域数据库、医学期刊数据库及心理学文摘数据库资源。
癌症诊断对患有癌症的儿科患者来说是一次具有威胁性的经历，会导致焦虑和痛苦，而手术或相关治疗方法会加剧这种情况。评估儿童的发育水平和既往经历对于确定适当的干预措施以减少焦虑和痛苦、支持有效应对至关重要。
护士在评估儿童与手术相关的焦虑程度方面发挥着重要作用。针对焦虑和痛苦的循证干预措施建议包括治疗性游戏、结构化教育准备以及基于艺术的项目（如希望珠项目）。
