Kanai Chieko, Hashimoto Ryuichiro, Itahashi Takashi, Tani Masayuki, Yamada Takashi, Ota Haruhisa, Iwanami Akira, Kato Nobumasa
Medical Institute of Developmental Disabilities Research, Showa University, 6-11-11 Kitakarasuyama, Setagayaku, Tokyo 157-8577, Japan; Department of Psychiatry, Showa University Karasuyama Hospital, 6-11-11 Kitakarasuyama, Setagayaku, Tokyo 157-8577, Japan.
Medical Institute of Developmental Disabilities Research, Showa University, 6-11-11 Kitakarasuyama, Setagayaku, Tokyo 157-8577, Japan; Department of Language Sciences, Graduate School of Humanities, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minami-Osawa, Hachioji-shi, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan.
Res Dev Disabil. 2017 Feb;61:108-115. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2016.12.008. Epub 2017 Jan 5.
The cognitive profile differences between adult patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and those with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are not well characterized. We examined the cognitive profiles of adults having either ASD (n=120) or ADHD (n=76) with no intellectual disabilities (IQ≥70) using the Wechsler Intelligence Scale III (WAIS-III). Verbal Intelligence (VIQ) - Performance Intelligence (PIQ) difference discrepancies were detected between the two groups. Information subtest scores of the Verbal Comprehension index and Arithmetic and Digit Span subtests of the Freedom from Distractibility index were significantly higher in ASD than in ADHD, while the Picture Completion subtest was significantly lower in ASD. To our knowledge, this is the first study to evaluate the difference in the cognitive profiles of adults with ASD and those with ADHD based on the WAIS III with a large number of participants.
自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）成年患者与注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）成年患者之间的认知特征差异尚未得到充分描述。我们使用韦氏智力量表第三版（WAIS-III）对120名无智力障碍（智商≥70）的ASD成年患者和76名无智力障碍（智商≥70）的ADHD成年患者的认知特征进行了研究。结果发现两组之间存在言语智力（VIQ）-操作智力（PIQ）差异。言语理解指数的信息子测验分数以及注意力分散指数的算术和数字广度子测验分数在ASD患者中显著高于ADHD患者，而图片完成子测验分数在ASD患者中显著低于ADHD患者。据我们所知，这是第一项基于WAIS III对大量参与者进行评估的、关于ASD成年患者和ADHD成年患者认知特征差异的研究。
