Schwartz Christine R, Zeng Zhen, Xie Yu
University of Wisconsin-Madison.
U.S. Department of Justice.
Sociol Sci. 2016 Nov;3:1003-1027. doi: 10.15195/v3.a44. Epub 2016 Nov 28.
Intermarriage plays a key role in stratification systems. Spousal resemblance reinforces social boundaries within and across generations, and the rules of intermarriage govern the ways that social mobility may occur. We examine intermarriage across social origin and education boundaries in the United States using data from the 1968-2013 Panel Study of Income Dynamics. Our evidence points to a pattern of status exchange-that is, persons with high education from modest backgrounds tend to marry those with lower education from more privileged backgrounds. Our study contributes to an active methodological debate by pinpointing the conditions under which the results pivot from evidence against exchange to evidence for exchange and advances theory by showing that the rules of exchange are more consistent with the notion of diminishing marginal utility than the more general theory of compensating differentials.
异族通婚在分层体系中起着关键作用。配偶相似性强化了代内和代际的社会界限，而异族通婚规则则支配着社会流动可能发生的方式。我们利用1968 - 2013年收入动态面板研究的数据，考察了美国社会出身和教育界限之间的异族通婚情况。我们的证据指向一种地位交换模式——也就是说，出身普通但受过高等教育的人往往会与出身更优越但受教育程度较低的人结婚。我们的研究通过确定结果从反对交换的证据转向支持交换的证据的条件，为一场活跃的方法论辩论做出了贡献，并通过表明交换规则与边际效用递减概念比更一般的补偿性差异理论更一致，推进了理论发展。
