Balistreri Kelly Stamper, Joyner Kara, Kao Grace
Assistant Professor of Sociology, Bowling Green State University.
Professor of Sociology, Bowling Green State University.
Popul Dev Rev. 2017 Sep;43(3):443-466. doi: 10.1111/padr.12072. Epub 2017 May 31.
Prior studies concerning patterns of intermarriage among immigrants have primarily focused on how factors such as race/ethnicity, educational attainment, and country of origin shape the choice of a spouse. Moreover, they have focused on intermarriage patterns among immigrants who are already in the US. Using the 2010-2014 American Community Survey (ACS), we focus on immigrants who were not US citizens at the time of their marriage and highlight patterns of status exchange, specifically, the exchange of youth for citizenship. Towards this end, we compare the age gap between spouses across four different groups of respondents: 1) non-citizens married to a citizen before or upon arrival to the US; 2) non-citizens married to a citizen after arrival to the US; 3) non-citizens married to a non-citizen before or upon arrival to the US; and 4) non-citizens married to a non-citizen after arrival in the US. We document the fact that a large fraction of marriages between citizens and non-citizens occurred before or upon arrival to the US. We also provide evidence that immigrants who migrate to the US after marrying a US citizen, particularly women, tend to be partnered with much older spouses, signaling an exchange of youth for citizenship.
先前关于移民群体间通婚模式的研究主要聚焦于种族/族裔、教育程度和原籍国等因素如何影响配偶选择。此外，这些研究主要关注已在美国的移民的通婚模式。利用2010 - 2014年美国社区调查（ACS），我们聚焦于结婚时非美国公民的移民，并突出地位交换模式，具体而言，是以年轻换取公民身份。为此，我们比较了四类不同受访者配偶之间的年龄差距：1）在抵达美国之前或之时与公民结婚的非公民；2）抵达美国后与公民结婚的非公民；3）在抵达美国之前或之时与非公民结婚的非公民；4）抵达美国后与非公民结婚的非公民。我们记录了这样一个事实：很大一部分公民与非公民之间的婚姻发生在抵达美国之前或之时。我们还提供证据表明，在与美国公民结婚后移民到美国的人，尤其是女性，往往与年龄大得多的配偶结婚，这表明存在以年轻换取公民身份的情况。
