Yardley Jane E, Colberg Sheri R
1Department of Social Sciences, University of Alberta, Augustana Faculty, Camrose, AB, CANADA; and 2Human Movement Sciences Department, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA.
Curr Sports Med Rep. 2017 Jan/Feb;16(1):38-44. doi: 10.1249/JSR.0000000000000327.
Optimal blood glucose management still remains the biggest challenge in active individuals with diabetes, particularly in insulin users, but some newer strategies have been introduced to maintain blood glucose control. Recent studies emphasize the importance of exercise intensity on glycemic balance. In individuals with type 1 and type 2 diabetes, both resistance and high-intensity intermittent exercise have been shown to confer beneficial physiological adaptations in training studies, while also showing acute glycemic benefits from single sessions. At the same time, anyone training at higher intensities also should take into consideration potential impairments in thermoregulation in individuals with diabetes, which can increase the risk of heat stress during exercise in hot and/or humid conditions. Recent studies of medication effects on electrolyte balance and hydration give a more complete picture of potential exercise risks for athletes with diabetes. Use of the latest diabetes-related technologies also may benefit the athlete with diabetes.
对于患有糖尿病的活跃个体，尤其是胰岛素使用者而言，优化血糖管理仍然是最大的挑战，但已经引入了一些新策略来维持血糖控制。最近的研究强调了运动强度对血糖平衡的重要性。在1型和2型糖尿病患者中，阻力训练和高强度间歇训练在训练研究中均已显示出有益的生理适应性，同时单次训练也显示出对血糖的急性益处。与此同时，任何进行高强度训练的人都应考虑到糖尿病患者体温调节可能存在的损害，这会增加在炎热和/或潮湿环境中运动时发生热应激的风险。最近关于药物对电解质平衡和水合作用影响的研究，更全面地呈现了糖尿病运动员潜在的运动风险。使用最新的糖尿病相关技术也可能使糖尿病运动员受益。
