Wycherley Thomas P, Pekarsky Brita Ak, Ferguson Megan M, O'Dea Kerin, Brimblecombe Julie K
1School of Health Sciences,University of South Australia,GPO Box 2471,Adelaide,SA 5001,Australia.
2Wardliparingga Unit,South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute,Adelaide,SA,Australia.
Public Health Nutr. 2017 Jun;20(8):1431-1440. doi: 10.1017/S1368980016003360. Epub 2017 Jan 10.
To consider the plausible nutritional impacts of fluctuations in money availability within an income cycle for remote Indigenous Australians.
Community-level dietary intake (energy, micro/macronutrients) and expenditure on foods and beverages (F&B) were estimated over one year for three remote Indigenous Australian communities (Northern Territory, Australia) using monthly F&B transaction data. F&B that were likely to be consumed during a period within an income cycle when money was relatively limited (low money period (LMP) foods) were identified by panel consensus and scenario modelling was conducted to simulate the nutritional outcomes of a range of F&B selection responses to having an LMP.
All scenarios resulted in reduced diet quality during the LMP relative to overall average diet values. Protein and fat energy percentages were reduced and carbohydrate energy percentage increased. Despite reduced expenditure, declines in energy intake were typically buffered due to the reduced energy cost ($AU/MJ) of the LMP diet. The micronutrient profile of the LMP diet was substantially poorer, such that additional key micronutrients dropped below population-weighted Estimated Average Requirements/Adequate Intakes.
The modelling undertaken herein suggests that even a short period of low money within an income cycle may noticeably contribute to the reduced diet quality of remote Indigenous Australians and exacerbate lifestyle disease risk. Dietary strategies that are designed to respond to diets and expenditure during different income cycle periods, rather than the overall average diet and expenditure, should be considered for improving diet quality and reducing cardiometabolic disease risk in remote Indigenous Australians.
探讨澳大利亚偏远地区原住民收入周期内资金可得性波动可能产生的营养影响。
利用每月食品和饮料交易数据，对澳大利亚北部地区三个偏远原住民社区一年中的社区层面饮食摄入量（能量、微量/宏量营养素）以及食品和饮料支出进行了估算。通过专家小组共识确定了在收入周期中资金相对有限的时期（低资金期（LMP））可能消费的食品和饮料，并进行情景建模，以模拟一系列针对LMP的食品和饮料选择反应所产生的营养结果。
所有情景均显示，与总体平均饮食值相比，LMP期间饮食质量下降。蛋白质和脂肪能量百分比降低，碳水化合物能量百分比增加。尽管支出减少，但由于LMP饮食的能量成本（澳元/兆焦耳）降低，能量摄入量的下降通常得到缓冲。LMP饮食的微量营养素状况明显较差，以至于其他关键微量营养素降至人群加权估计平均需求量/适宜摄入量以下。
本文所做的建模表明，即使在收入周期内出现短时间的资金短缺，也可能显著导致澳大利亚偏远地区原住民饮食质量下降，并加剧生活方式疾病风险。为改善澳大利亚偏远地区原住民的饮食质量和降低心脏代谢疾病风险，应考虑制定针对不同收入周期阶段饮食和支出的饮食策略，而非总体平均饮食和支出。
