Korth M, Horn F, Storck B, Jonas J B
Augenklinik der Universität, Erlangen, Federal Republic of Germany.
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 1989;227(5):428-35. doi: 10.1007/BF02172893.
The spatial contrast sensitivity (CS) to static patterns was tested in the central retina of 156 normal subjects. It showed a decrease above 50 years of age at all spatial frequencies tested which was slightly more pronounced in females than in males. The spatial CS was also studied in 32 glaucoma eyes: Small reductions were found only in the group below 50 but not in eyes of patients above 50. The spatiotemporal CS to phase-reversing patterns was tested in four retinal quadrants of 99 normal subjects. It showed no age dependence in males whereas in females it decreased significantly beyond 50 years at all spatial frequencies tested. The spatiotemporal CS was studied also in 21 glaucoma eyes: Strong losses were again noted only in patients below 50. Spatiotemporal CS losses and perimetric losses were also compared in the four quadrants: For both measures the severest losses were found in the lower nasal and the mildest in the upper temporal quadrant. The spatiotemporal CS test of the peripheral retina seems to be a more powerful tool in glaucoma research than the spatial CS test of the central retina; however, effects of age and gender have to be considered.
对156名正常受试者的中央视网膜进行了对静态图案的空间对比敏感度（CS）测试。结果显示，在所有测试的空间频率下，50岁以上受试者的空间对比敏感度均有所下降，且女性下降程度略高于男性。还对32只青光眼患眼进行了空间对比敏感度研究：仅在50岁以下的患者组中发现了轻微下降，50岁以上患者的患眼中未发现下降。对99名正常受试者的四个视网膜象限进行了对相位反转图案的时空对比敏感度测试。结果显示，男性的时空对比敏感度不存在年龄依赖性，而女性在所有测试的空间频率下，50岁以后均显著下降。还对21只青光眼患眼进行了时空对比敏感度研究：同样仅在50岁以下的患者中发现了明显下降。还对四个象限的时空对比敏感度损失和视野损失进行了比较：对于这两种测量方法，最严重的损失均出现在鼻下象限，最轻微的损失出现在颞上象限。与中央视网膜的空间对比敏感度测试相比，周边视网膜的时空对比敏感度测试似乎是青光眼研究中更有效的工具；然而，必须考虑年龄和性别的影响。
