Zhang Jize, Gao Yang, Lu Qingping, Sa Renna, Zhang Hongfu
Institute of Grassland Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hohhot, 010010 People's Republic of China ; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193 People's Republic of China.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118 People's Republic of China.
Proteome Sci. 2017 Jan 10;15:3. doi: 10.1186/s12953-016-0109-6. eCollection 2016.
Non-starch polysaccharide enzymes (NSPEs) have long been used in monogastric animal feed production to degrade non-starch polysaccharides (NSPs) to oligosaccharides in order to promote growth performance and gastrointestinal (GI) tract health. However, the precise molecular mechanism of NSPEs in the improvement of the mammalian small intestine remains unknown.
In this study, isobaric tags were applied to investigate alterations of the small intestinal mucosa proteome of growing pigs after 50 days of supplementation with 0.6% NSPEs (mixture of xylanase, β-glucanase and cellulose) in the diet. Bioinformatics analysis including gene ontology annotation was performed to determine the differentially expressed proteins. A protein fold-change of ≥ 1.2 and a -value of < 0.05 were selected as thresholds.
Dietary supplementation of NSPEs improved the growth performance of growing pigs. Most importantly, a total of 90 proteins were found to be differentially abundant in the small intestinal mucosa between a control group and the NSPE group. Up-regulated proteins were related to nutrient metabolism (energy, lipids, protein and mineral), immunity, redox homeostasis, detoxification and the cell cytoskeleton. Down-regulated proteins were primarily related to transcriptional and translational regulation. Our results indicate that the effect of NSPEs on the increase of nutrient availability in the intestinal lumen facilitates the efficiency of nutrient absorption and utilization, and the supplementation of NSPEs in growing pigs also modulates redox homeostasis and enhances immune response during simulating energy metabolism due to a higher uptake of nutrients in the small intestine.
These findings have important implications for understanding the mechanisms of NSPEs on the small intestine of pigs, which provides new information for the better utilization of this feed additive in the future.
非淀粉多糖酶（NSPEs）长期以来一直用于单胃动物饲料生产，将非淀粉多糖（NSPs）降解为寡糖，以促进生长性能和胃肠道健康。然而，NSPEs改善哺乳动物小肠的精确分子机制尚不清楚。
在本研究中，采用等压标签技术研究了日粮中添加0.6% NSPEs（木聚糖酶、β-葡聚糖酶和纤维素的混合物）50天后生长猪小肠黏膜蛋白质组的变化。进行了包括基因本体注释在内的生物信息学分析，以确定差异表达的蛋白质。选择蛋白质变化倍数≥1.2且P值<0.05作为阈值。
日粮添加NSPEs提高了生长猪的生长性能。最重要的是，在对照组和NSPE组之间，共发现90种蛋白质在小肠黏膜中的丰度存在差异。上调的蛋白质与营养代谢（能量、脂质、蛋白质和矿物质）、免疫、氧化还原稳态、解毒和细胞骨架有关。下调的蛋白质主要与转录和翻译调控有关。我们的结果表明，NSPEs增加肠腔内营养物质可用性的作用促进了营养物质的吸收和利用效率，并且在生长猪中添加NSPEs还可调节氧化还原稳态，并在模拟能量代谢过程中增强免疫反应，这是由于小肠中营养物质的摄取增加所致。
这些发现对于理解NSPEs对猪小肠的作用机制具有重要意义，为今后更好地利用这种饲料添加剂提供了新的信息。
