Gangloff Serge, Arcangioli Benoit
FEMS Yeast Res. 2017 Jan 1;17(1). doi: 10.1093/femsyr/fox002.
Life is maintained through alternating phases of cell division and quiescence. The causes and consequences of spontaneous mutations have been extensively explored in proliferating cells, and the major sources include errors of DNA replication and DNA repair. The foremost consequences are genetic variations within a cell population that can lead to heritable diseases and drive evolution. While most of our knowledge on DNA damage response and repair has been gained through cells actively dividing, it remains essential to also understand how DNA damage is metabolized in cells which are not dividing. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge concerning the type of lesions that arise in non-dividing budding and fission yeast cells, as well as the pathways used to repair them. We discuss the contribution of these models to our current understanding of age-related pathologies.
生命通过细胞分裂和静止的交替阶段得以维持。自发突变的原因和后果已在增殖细胞中得到广泛研究，主要来源包括DNA复制和DNA修复错误。最主要的后果是细胞群体内的基因变异，这可能导致遗传性疾病并推动进化。虽然我们对DNA损伤反应和修复的大部分知识是通过活跃分裂的细胞获得的，但了解DNA损伤在非分裂细胞中是如何代谢的仍然至关重要。在这篇综述中，我们总结了关于非分裂芽殖酵母和裂殖酵母细胞中出现的损伤类型以及用于修复它们的途径的当前知识。我们讨论了这些模型对我们目前对与年龄相关的病理学理解的贡献。
