Institute of Food & Health,UCD School of Agriculture and Food Science,University College Dublin,Belfield Road,Dublin 4,Ireland.
Proc Nutr Soc. 2017 Aug;76(3):295-302. doi: 10.1017/S0029665116002974. Epub 2017 Jan 16.
Traditional methods for the assessment of dietary intake are prone to error; in order to improve and enhance these methods increasing interest in the identification of dietary biomarkers has materialised. Metabolomics has emerged as a key tool in the area of dietary biomarker discovery and to date the use of metabolomics has identified a number of putative biomarkers. Applications to identify novel biomarkers of intake have in general taken three approaches: (1) specific acute intervention studies to identify specific biomarkers of intake; (2) searching for biomarkers in cohort studies by correlating to self-reported intake of a specific food/food group(s); (3) analysing dietary patterns in conjunction with metabolomic profiles to identify biomarkers and nutritypes. A number of analytical technologies are employed in metabolomics as currently there is no single technique capable of measuring the entire metabolome. These approaches each have their own advantages and disadvantages. The present review will provide an overview of current technologies and applications of metabolomics in the determination of new dietary biomarkers. In addition, it will address some of the current challenges in the field and future outlooks.
传统的膳食摄入量评估方法容易出现误差；为了改进和加强这些方法，人们越来越关注膳食生物标志物的识别。代谢组学已成为膳食生物标志物发现领域的一个重要工具，迄今为止，代谢组学已经确定了一些有潜力的生物标志物。目前，用于识别新型摄入量生物标志物的应用主要采用了三种方法：（1）特定的急性干预研究，以确定摄入量的特定生物标志物；（2）通过与特定食物/食物组的自我报告摄入量相关联，在队列研究中寻找生物标志物；（3）结合代谢组学分析饮食模式，以确定生物标志物和营养类型。代谢组学中采用了多种分析技术，因为目前没有一种单一的技术能够测量整个代谢组。这些方法各有优缺点。本综述将概述代谢组学在确定新的膳食生物标志物方面的当前技术和应用。此外，它还将讨论该领域的一些当前挑战和未来展望。
