Martínez-Medina Miguel Ángel, Cañedo-Dorame Ismael Antonio
Servicio de Epidemiología, Unidad de Medicina Familiar 37, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Hermosillo, Sonora, México.
Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc. 2017 Jan-Feb;55(1):123-127.
The Chikungunya is an arbovirus first described during a 1952 outbreak of febrile exantematic disease in southern Tanganyika (now Tanzania). It is a virus within the alphavirus genus of the Togaviridae family, it is usually transmitted to humans by Aedes mosquitoes. Typically, the disease manifests as acute onset of fever and joint pains. This study describes the clinical characteristics the first imported case infected with chikungunya fever (CHIK) in Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico. We report the case of a 30 years old man seen in our emergency department due to fever, polyarthralgia, rash and headache. This patient has been in Tapachula, Chiapas, a jungle area in southern México, and he returned from a 45 days trip before the onset his symptoms. The chikungunya viral infection (CHIK) was diagnosed by RT-PCR procedure. Paracetamol therapy was administered and his clinical course was self-limited. We concluded that with the increase of mosquito´s habitat by global warming and frequent traveling, CHIK reemerged and showed global distribution recently. This disease must be suspected in patients with compatible clinical symptoms returning from epidemic/endemic areas. CHIK must be diagnosed on the basis of clinical, epidemiological and laboratory criteria.
基孔肯雅热是一种虫媒病毒，于1952年在坦噶尼喀南部（现坦桑尼亚）一次发热性皮疹病暴发期间首次被描述。它是披膜病毒科甲病毒属中的一种病毒，通常由伊蚊传播给人类。典型地，该疾病表现为发热和关节疼痛急性发作。本研究描述了墨西哥索诺拉州埃莫西约首例输入性基孔肯雅热（CHIK）感染病例的临床特征。我们报告了一名30岁男性病例，该患者因发热、多关节痛、皮疹和头痛前来我们急诊科就诊。该患者曾去过墨西哥南部丛林地区恰帕斯州的塔帕丘拉，在出现症状前45天旅行归来。通过逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）程序诊断为基孔肯雅病毒感染（CHIK）。给予对乙酰氨基酚治疗，其临床病程为自限性。我们得出结论，随着全球变暖导致蚊虫栖息地增加以及频繁旅行，基孔肯雅热最近再次出现并呈现全球分布。对于有来自流行/地方性地区且伴有相符临床症状的患者，必须怀疑患有基孔肯雅热。必须根据临床、流行病学和实验室标准对基孔肯雅热进行诊断。
