Jayashankar Bindhya, Singh Divya, Tanwar Himanshi, Mishra K P, Murthy Swetha, Chanda Sudipta, Mishra Jigni, Tulswani R, Misra K, Singh S B, Ganju Lilly
Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, DRDO, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi, India.
Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, DRDO, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi, India.
Int Immunopharmacol. 2017 Mar;44:123-136. doi: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.01.012. Epub 2017 Jan 13.
Hippophae rhamnoides L. commonly known as Seabuckthorn (SBT), a wild shrub of family Elaegnacea, has extensively used for treating various ailments like skin diseases, jaundice, asthma, lung troubles. SBT leaves have been reported to possess several pharmacological properties including immunomodulatory, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and tissue regeneration etc. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the adjuvant property of supercritical carbon dioxide extracts (SCEs 300ET and 350ET) of SBT leaves in balb/c mice immunized with Tetanus and Diphtheria toxoids. The dynamic changes in the immune response were measured in terms of humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. We have seen the effect of SCEs on immunoglobulin subtypes and secondary immune response generation. In addition, the effect of SCEs on antigen specific cellular immunity was evaluated. Our results show that SCEs 300ET and 350ET significantly enhanced antibody titers in response to both TT and DT antigens. The secondary immune response generated was significantly increased in case of TT immunized animals. SCEs also enhanced cytokine levels (IFN-γ, IL-4, TNF-α and IL-1β) and increased lymphoproliferation. Besides, both SCEs did not show any toxic effects. Therefore, the study suggests that SCEs are safe and have potent immunostimulatory activity and hence, seems to be a promising balanced Th1 and Th2 directing immunological adjuvant for various veterinary as well as human vaccines.
沙棘（Hippophae rhamnoides L.），通常被称为沙棘（SBT），是胡颓子科的一种野生灌木，已被广泛用于治疗各种疾病，如皮肤病、黄疸、哮喘、肺部疾病。据报道，沙棘叶具有多种药理特性，包括免疫调节、抗氧化、抗炎、抗菌和组织再生等。本研究旨在评估沙棘叶超临界二氧化碳提取物（SCEs 300ET和350ET）对用破伤风和白喉类毒素免疫的balb/c小鼠的佐剂特性。根据体液免疫和细胞介导免疫反应来测量免疫反应的动态变化。我们观察了SCEs对免疫球蛋白亚型和二次免疫反应产生的影响。此外，还评估了SCEs对抗原特异性细胞免疫的影响。我们的结果表明，SCEs 300ET和350ET显著提高了对TT和DT抗原的抗体滴度。在TT免疫的动物中，产生的二次免疫反应显著增加。SCEs还提高了细胞因子水平（IFN-γ、IL-4、TNF-α和IL-1β）并增加了淋巴细胞增殖。此外，两种SCEs均未显示出任何毒性作用。因此，该研究表明SCEs是安全的，具有强大的免疫刺激活性，因此，似乎是一种有前途的、可平衡Th1和Th2方向的免疫佐剂，可用于各种兽用和人用疫苗。
