Department of Health Sciences and the EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1085, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Department of Dietetics, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
J Cancer Surviv. 2017 Jun;11(3):360-385. doi: 10.1007/s11764-016-0594-8. Epub 2017 Jan 18.
To gain more insight into the optimal strategy to achieve weight loss and weight loss maintenance in overweight and obese cancer survivors after completion of initial treatment, this systematic review aimed to provide an overview of the literature on intervention effects on weight, to describe intervention components used in effective interventions, to identify and synthesize behaviour change techniques (BCTs) and to assess the frequency with which these BCTs were used in effective interventions.
Six databases were searched for original research articles describing weight changes in adult overweight cancer survivors after participation in a lifestyle intervention initiated after completion of initial treatment. Two researchers independently screened the retrieved papers and extracted BCTs using the BCT Taxonomy version 1.
Thirty-two papers describing 27 interventions were included. Interventions that were evaluated with a robust study design (n = 8) generally showed <5% weight loss and did not evaluate effects at ≥12 months after intervention completion. Effective interventions promoted both diet and physical activity and used the BCTs 'goal setting (behaviour)', 'action planning', 'social support (unspecified)' and 'instruction on how to perform the behaviour'.
The results of this first review on intervention components of effective interventions could be used to inform intervention development and showed a need for future publications to report long-term effects, a detailed intervention description and an extensive process evaluation.
This study contributed to increasing knowledge on the optimal strategy to achieve weight loss, which is recommended for overweight cancer survivors to improve health outcomes.
在完成初始治疗后，超重和肥胖癌症幸存者体重减轻和维持体重的最佳策略仍不明确。本系统综述旨在通过综述文献，概述干预对体重的影响，描述有效干预中使用的干预成分，确定和综合行为改变技术（BCTs），并评估这些 BCT 在有效干预中的使用频率，以深入了解超重和肥胖癌症幸存者完成初始治疗后实现体重减轻和维持体重的最佳策略。
在六个数据库中搜索了描述初始治疗完成后开始生活方式干预的成年超重癌症幸存者体重变化的原始研究文章。两名研究人员独立筛选检索到的论文，并使用行为改变技术分类 1 版（BCT Taxonomy version 1）提取 BCT。
共纳入 32 篇描述 27 项干预措施的论文。使用稳健研究设计评估的干预措施（n=8）通常体重减轻<5%，且未评估干预完成后≥12 个月的效果。有效的干预措施同时促进饮食和身体活动，并使用 BCTs“目标设定（行为）”、“行动计划”、“社会支持（不明确）”和“如何执行行为的指导”。
这是第一篇关于有效干预措施干预成分的综述，结果可用于为干预措施的制定提供信息，并表明需要未来的出版物报告长期效果、详细的干预描述和广泛的过程评估。
本研究有助于增加关于超重癌症幸存者实现体重减轻的最佳策略的知识，这对于改善健康结果是建议超重癌症幸存者采取的措施。
