Muscogiuri Giovanna, Altieri Barbara, de Angelis Cristina, Palomba Stefano, Pivonello Rosario, Colao Annamaria, Orio Francesco
Ios and Coleman Medicina Futura Medical Center, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Endocrinology, University "Federico II", Via Sergio Pasini, 580121, Naples, Italy.
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Institute of Medical Pathology, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
Rev Endocr Metab Disord. 2017 Sep;18(3):273-283. doi: 10.1007/s11154-017-9407-2.
In the last decades several studies suggested that vitamin D is involved in the modulation of the reproductive process in women due to the expression of VDR and 1α-hydroxylase in reproductive tissues such as ovary, uterus, placenta, pituitary and hypothalamus. Vitamin D has also a role in the regulation of sex hormone steroidogenesis. Increasing evidence suggests that vitamin D might have a regulatory role in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)-associated symptoms, including ovulatory dysfunction, insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism. Vitamin D deficiency also has been reported to contribute to the pathogenesis of endometriosis due to its immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties. Although most of the studies supported a role of vitamin D in the onset of these diseases, randomized controlled trials to assess the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation have never been performed. In this review we critically discuss the role of vitamin D in female fertility, starting from in vitro and in vivo studies, focusing our attention on the two most frequent causes of female infertility: PCOS and endometriosis.
在过去几十年中，多项研究表明，由于维生素D受体（VDR）和1α-羟化酶在卵巢、子宫、胎盘、垂体和下丘脑等生殖组织中的表达，维生素D参与了女性生殖过程的调节。维生素D在性激素类固醇生成的调节中也发挥作用。越来越多的证据表明，维生素D可能在多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）相关症状中起调节作用，这些症状包括排卵功能障碍、胰岛素抵抗和高雄激素血症。据报道，维生素D缺乏因其免疫调节和抗炎特性，也会导致子宫内膜异位症的发病机制。尽管大多数研究支持维生素D在这些疾病发病中的作用，但从未进行过评估补充维生素D疗效的随机对照试验。在这篇综述中，我们从体外和体内研究出发，批判性地讨论维生素D在女性生育中的作用，重点关注女性不孕的两个最常见原因：PCOS和子宫内膜异位症。
