Ali Niaz, Shaoib Mohammad, Shah Syed Wadood Ali, Shah Ismail, Shuaib Muhammad
Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Department of Pharmacy, University of Malakand, Chakdara, Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
BMC Complement Altern Med. 2017 Jan 19;17(1):59. doi: 10.1186/s12906-017-1564-z.
As aerial parts of Rubus ulmifolius contains phytochemicals like flavonoids and tannins. And whereas flavonoids and tannins have antioxidant and antipyretic activity, hence, current work is carried out to screen crude methanolic extract of aerial parts of Rubus ulmifolius (Ru.Cr) and crude flavonoids rich extract of Rubus ulmifolius (Ru.F) for possible antioxidant and antipyretic activity. Ru.Cr and Ru.F are also tested for brine shrimps lethality bioassay. Ru.F is tested for the first time for possible antioxidant and antipyretic activity.
Preliminary phytochemical screening of Ru.Cr and Ru.F was performed as it provides rapid finger printing for targeting a pharmacological activity. Acute toxicity and Brine shrimps' cytotoxicity studies of Ru.Cr and Ru.F were performed to determine its safe dose range. Antioxidant and antipyretic studies were also performed as per reported procedures.
Ru.Cr tested positive for presence of tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids and steroids. Ru.Cr is safe up to 6 g/kg following oral doses for acute toxicity study. Ru.Cr is safe up to 75 μg/kg (p.o), LC for Ru.Cr and Ru.F are 16.7 ± 1.4 μg/ml 10.6 ± 1.8 μg/ml, respectively (n = 3). Both Ru.Cr and Ru.F demonstrated comparable antioxidant activity using vitamin C as standard (p ≤ 0.05). In test dose of 300 mg of Ru.Cr, rectal temperature was reduced by 74% (p ≤ 0.05) on 4 hour of the administration. More, Ru.F produced 72% reduction in pyrexia (p ≤ 0.05) on 4 hour of administration of paracetamol in Westar rats.
The current work confirms that aerial parts of Rubus ulmifolius contain flavonoids that are safe up to 6 g/kg (p.o). Crude methanolic extract and flavonoids rich fraction of Rubus ulmifolius have significant antioxidant and antipyretic activity. Further work is required to isolate the pharmacologically active substances for relatively safe and effective antipyretics and antioxidants.
由于榆叶悬钩子的地上部分含有黄酮类化合物和单宁等植物化学物质。鉴于黄酮类化合物和单宁具有抗氧化和解热活性,因此,目前开展了相关工作,以筛选榆叶悬钩子地上部分的粗甲醇提取物(Ru.Cr)和富含黄酮类化合物的粗提取物(Ru.F),检测其可能的抗氧化和解热活性。还对Ru.Cr和Ru.F进行了卤虫致死生物测定。Ru.F首次被检测其可能的抗氧化和解热活性。
对Ru.Cr和Ru.F进行初步植物化学筛选,因为它可为靶向药理活性提供快速指纹图谱。对Ru.Cr和Ru.F进行急性毒性和卤虫细胞毒性研究,以确定其安全剂量范围。抗氧化和解热研究也按照报告的程序进行。
Ru.Cr对单宁、生物碱、黄酮类化合物和甾体的存在呈阳性反应。在急性毒性研究中口服给药时,Ru.Cr高达6 g/kg是安全的。Ru.Cr高达75 μg/kg(口服)是安全的,Ru.Cr和Ru.F的半数致死浓度分别为16.7±1.4 μg/ml和10.6±1.8 μg/ml(n = 3)。以维生素C为标准,Ru.Cr和Ru.F均表现出相当的抗氧化活性(p≤0.05)。在300 mg Ru.Cr的试验剂量下,给药4小时后直肠温度降低了74%(p≤0.05)。此外,在对韦斯塔大鼠给药扑热息痛4小时后,Ru.F使发热降低了72%(p≤0.05)。
目前的研究证实,榆叶悬钩子地上部分含有高达6 g/kg(口服)安全剂量范围的黄酮类化合物。榆叶悬钩子的粗甲醇提取物和富含黄酮类化合物的部分具有显著的抗氧化和解热活性。需要进一步开展工作,分离出具有相对安全有效的解热和抗氧化作用的药理活性物质。