Fey Marc E, Leonard Laurence B, Bredin-Oja Shelley L, Deevy Patricia
Department of Hearing and Speech, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City.
Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN.
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2017 Jan 1;60(1):104-120. doi: 10.1044/2016_JSLHR-L-15-0448.
Our purpose was to test the competing sources of input (CSI) hypothesis by evaluating an intervention based on its principles. This hypothesis proposes that children's use of main verbs without tense is the result of their treating certain sentence types in the input (e.g., Wasshe laughing?) as models for declaratives (e.g., She laughing).
Twenty preschoolers with specific language impairment were randomly assigned to receive either a CSI-based intervention or a more traditional intervention that lacked the novel CSI features. The auxiliary is and the third-person singular suffix -s were directly treated over a 16-week period. Past tense -ed was monitored as a control.
The CSI-based group exhibited greater improvements in use of is than did the traditional group (d = 1.31), providing strong support for the CSI hypothesis. There were no significant between-groups differences in the production of the third-person singular suffix -s or the control (-ed), however.
The group differences in the effects on the 2 treated morphemes may be due to differences in their distribution in interrogatives and declaratives (e.g., Ishe hiding/Heishiding vs. Doeshe hide/He hides). Refinements in the intervention could address this issue and lead to more general effects across morphemes.
我们的目的是通过基于其原则评估一种干预措施来检验输入竞争源（CSI）假说。该假说提出，儿童使用无时态的主要动词是因为他们将输入中的某些句子类型（例如，Wasshe laughing?）视为陈述句（例如，She laughing）的模型。
20名患有特定语言障碍的学龄前儿童被随机分配接受基于CSI的干预或缺乏新颖CSI特征的更传统干预。在16周的时间里直接对助动词is和第三人称单数后缀-s进行处理。过去式-ed作为对照进行监测。
基于CSI的组在is的使用上比传统组表现出更大的进步（d = 1.31），为CSI假说提供了有力支持。然而，在第三人称单数后缀-s或对照（-ed）的产出方面，两组之间没有显著差异。
对两个被处理语素的影响存在组间差异，可能是由于它们在疑问句和陈述句中的分布不同（例如，Ishe hiding/Heishiding与Doeshe hide/He hides）。干预措施的改进可以解决这个问题，并导致跨语素产生更普遍的效果。
