a Department of Counseling and Human Development , University of Louisville , Louisville , KY , USA.
b Department of Mental Health , Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore , MD , USA.
Psychol Health Med. 2017 Aug;22(7):761-771. doi: 10.1080/13548506.2017.1281977. Epub 2017 Jan 24.
Hypertension is estimated to cause 12.8% of all deaths worldwide. Both literature and well-supported cognitive models indicate that hopelessness predicts depressive symptoms. This study aimed to test whether high levels of hopelessness are associated with increased blood pressure, as well as whether depression acts as a mediator between hopelessness and blood pressure. Data from the original 24-year longitudinal Baltimore Epidemiologic Catchment Area Study (ECA) were analyzed via linear regression (N = 917; 60.3% female; 62.9% European American; mean age = 42.96 years, SD = 16.94). Hopelessness was found to have a significant direct relationship with systolic blood pressure (SBP, p < .05), but not with diastolic blood pressure (DBP, p > .05); while depression had no significant direct relationship with SBP or with DBP. Overall, findings indicated that hopelessness has a significant relationship with SBP. Limitations and implications are discussed.
高血压估计在全球造成 12.8%的死亡。文献和有充分依据的认知模型都表明，绝望感预测抑郁症状。本研究旨在检验高水平的绝望感是否与血压升高有关，以及抑郁是否在绝望感与血压之间起中介作用。通过线性回归分析了原始的 24 年纵向巴尔的摩流行病学抽样区研究（ECA）的数据（N=917；60.3%为女性；62.9%为欧洲裔美国人；平均年龄为 42.96 岁，标准差为 16.94）。结果发现，绝望感与收缩压（SBP，p<.05）有显著的直接关系，但与舒张压（DBP，p>.05）没有显著的直接关系；而抑郁与 SBP 或 DBP 没有显著的直接关系。总的来说，研究结果表明，绝望感与 SBP 有显著的关系。讨论了研究的局限性和意义。
