Pompaiah Malvika, Bartfeld Sina
Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Institute for Molecular Infection Biology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Curr Top Microbiol Immunol. 2017;400:149-168. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-50520-6_7.
Helicobacter research classically uses fixed human tissue, animal models or cancer cell lines. Each of these study objects has its advantages and has brought central insights into the infection process. Nevertheless, in model systems for basic and medical research, there is a gap between two-dimensional and most often transformed cell cultures and three-dimensional, highly organized tissues. In recent years, stem cell research has provided the means to fill this gap. The identification of the niche factors that support growth, expansion and differentiation of stem cells in vitro has allowed the development of three-dimensional culture systems called organoids. Gastric organoids are grown from gastric stem cells and are organized epithelial structures that comprise all the differentiated cell types of the stomach. They can be expanded without apparent limitation and are amenable to a wide range of standard laboratory techniques. Here, we review different stem cell-derived organoid model systems useful for Helicobacter pylori research and outline their advantages for infection studies.
幽门螺杆菌研究传统上使用固定的人体组织、动物模型或癌细胞系。这些研究对象各自具有优势，并为感染过程带来了核心见解。然而，在基础和医学研究的模型系统中，二维且大多经过转化的细胞培养物与三维、高度组织化的组织之间存在差距。近年来，干细胞研究提供了填补这一差距的方法。对支持干细胞在体外生长、扩增和分化的微环境因子的鉴定，使得被称为类器官的三维培养系统得以发展。胃类器官由胃干细胞生长而来，是包含胃所有分化细胞类型的有组织的上皮结构。它们可以无明显限制地扩增，并且适用于广泛的标准实验室技术。在此，我们综述了对幽门螺杆菌研究有用的不同干细胞来源的类器官模型系统，并概述了它们在感染研究中的优势。
