Ivanenko Yury P, Gurfinkel Victor S, Selionov Victor A, Solopova Irina A, Sylos-Labini Francesca, Guertin Pierre A, Lacquaniti Francesco
Laboratory of Neuromotor Physiology, IRCCS Fondazione Santa Lucia, Via Ardeatina 306, Rome 00179. Italy.
Biomedical Engineering Department, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon. United States.
Curr Pharm Des. 2017 May 12;23(12):1753-1763. doi: 10.2174/1381612823666170125152246.
In recent years, many researches put significant efforts into understanding and assessing the functional state of the spinal locomotor circuits in humans. Various techniques have been developed to stimulate the spinal cord circuitries, which may include both diffuse and quite specific tuning effects. Overall, the findings indicate that tonic and rhythmic spinal activity control are not separate phenomena but are closely integrated to properly initiate and sustain stepping. The spinal cord does not simply transmit information to and from the brain. Its physiologic state determines reflex, postural and locomotor control and, therefore, may affect the recovery of the locomotor function in individuals with spinal cord and brain injuries. This review summarizes studies that examine the rhythmogenesis capacity of cervical and lumbosacral neuronal circuitries in humans and its importance in developing central pattern generator-modulating therapies.
近年来，许多研究投入了大量精力来理解和评估人类脊髓运动回路的功能状态。已经开发出各种技术来刺激脊髓回路，这可能包括弥散性和相当特异性的调节作用。总体而言，研究结果表明，紧张性和节律性脊髓活动控制并非独立现象，而是紧密整合以正确启动和维持行走。脊髓并非简单地在大脑与身体其他部位之间传递信息。其生理状态决定反射、姿势和运动控制，因此可能影响脊髓损伤和脑损伤个体的运动功能恢复。本综述总结了研究人类颈段和腰骶部神经元回路的节律发生能力及其在开发中枢模式发生器调节疗法中的重要性的相关研究。
