Sánchez Manu, Sabio Laura, Gálvez Natividad, Capdevila Mercè, Dominguez-Vera Jose M
Departamento de Química Inorgánica and Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad de Granada, Spain.
Departament de Química, Facultat de Ciències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Vallès (Barcelona), Spain.
IUBMB Life. 2017 Jun;69(6):382-388. doi: 10.1002/iub.1602. Epub 2017 Feb 2.
Iron is an essential element for almost all organisms on Earth. It is necessary for a number of crucial processes such as hemoglobin and myoglobin transport and storage of oxygen in mammals; electron transfer support in a variety of iron-sulfur protein or cytochrome reactions; and activation and catalysis of reactions of a wide range of substrate like alkanes, olefins, and alcohols. Living organisms adopted iron as the main metal to carry out all of these functions due to the rich coordination chemistry of its two main redox states, Fe and Fe , and because of its abundance in the Earth's crust and oceans. This paper presents an overview of the coordination chemistry of iron that makes it suitable for a large variety of functions within biological systems. Despite iron's chemical advantages, organisms were forced to manage with some drawbacks: Fe insolubility and the formation of toxic radicals, especially the hydroxyl radical. Iron chemistry within biology is an example of how organisms evolved by creating molecular machinery to overcome these difficulties and perform crucial processes with extraordinary elegance and efficiency. © 2017 IUBMB Life, 69(6):382-388, 2017.
铁是地球上几乎所有生物的必需元素。它对于许多关键过程至关重要，例如哺乳动物中血红蛋白和肌红蛋白对氧气的运输和储存；各种铁硫蛋白或细胞色素反应中的电子转移支持；以及对多种底物（如烷烃、烯烃和醇）反应的激活和催化。由于铁的两种主要氧化态Fe²⁺和Fe³⁺具有丰富的配位化学性质，并且在地壳和海洋中含量丰富，生物体采用铁作为主要金属来执行所有这些功能。本文概述了铁的配位化学，这使其适用于生物系统中的多种功能。尽管铁具有化学优势，但生物体也不得不应对一些缺点：铁的不溶性以及有毒自由基（尤其是羟基自由基）的形成。生物学中的铁化学是生物体如何通过创建分子机制来克服这些困难并以非凡的优雅和效率执行关键过程而进化的一个例子。© 2017国际生物化学与分子生物学联盟生命科学，69(6):382 - 388，2017。
