Cruz-Jentoft Alfonso J, Kiesswetter Eva, Drey Michael, Sieber Cornel C
Servicio de Geriatría, Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal (IRYCIS), Ctra.Colmenar km 9,1, 28034, Madrid, Spain.
Institute for Biomedicine of Aging, University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Nuremberg, Germany.
Aging Clin Exp Res. 2017 Feb;29(1):43-48. doi: 10.1007/s40520-016-0709-0. Epub 2017 Feb 2.
Frailty and sarcopenia are important concepts in the quest to prevent physical dependence, as geriatrics are shifting towards identifications of early stages of disability. Definitions of both sarcopenia and frailty are still developing, and both concepts clearly overlap in their physical aspects. Malnutrition (both undernutrition and obesity) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of frailty and sarcopenia. The quality of the diet along the lifespan has a close relation with the incidence of both entities, and nutritional interventions may be able to reduce the incidence or revert either of them. This brief review explores the role of energy and protein intake and other key nutrients on muscle function. Nutrition may be a key element of multimodal interventions for frailty and sarcopenia. The results of the "Sarcopenia and Physical fRailty IN older people: multi-componenT Treatment strategies" (SPRINTT) trial will offer key insights on the effect of such interventions in frail, sarcopenic older individuals.
随着老年医学朝着识别残疾早期阶段发展，衰弱和肌肉减少症是预防身体依赖过程中的重要概念。肌肉减少症和衰弱的定义仍在不断完善，并且这两个概念在身体方面明显重叠。营养不良（包括营养不足和肥胖）在衰弱和肌肉减少症的发病机制中起关键作用。一生中的饮食质量与这两种情况的发生率密切相关，营养干预或许能够降低其发生率或使其逆转。本简要综述探讨了能量和蛋白质摄入以及其他关键营养素对肌肉功能的作用。营养可能是针对衰弱和肌肉减少症的多模式干预的关键要素。“老年人肌肉减少症和身体衰弱：多成分治疗策略”（SPRINTT）试验的结果将为这类干预措施对体弱、患有肌肉减少症的老年人的效果提供关键见解。
