Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Penn State Milton S. Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17003.
Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Joan and Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY 10065; email:
Annu Rev Physiol. 2017 Feb 10;79:471-494. doi: 10.1146/annurev-physiol-021115-105229.
Inflammasomes are key inflammatory signaling platforms that detect microbial substances, sterile environmental insults, and molecules derived from host cells. Activation of the inflammasome promotes caspase-1-mediated secretion of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 and pyroptosis. Recent developments in this field demonstrate the crucial role of the inflammasome in a wide range of disease models. Although inflammasomes are a crucial part of host defense mechanisms against pathogens, the exuberant immune response resulting from inflammasome activation also contributes to the development of various diseases. As ongoing studies further elucidate the regulation and function of the inflammasome, more evidence has emerged that the inflammasome appears to play a pivotal role in the development of multiple inflammatory diseases. Here, we discuss recent insights into how inflammasomes are regulated to activate caspase-1 and implicated in human diseases. We also review the contributions of the inflammasome to pulmonary diseases.
炎症小体是检测微生物物质、无菌环境损伤以及宿主细胞衍生分子的关键炎症信号平台。炎症小体的激活促进半胱天冬酶-1 介导的促炎细胞因子白细胞介素 (IL)-1β 和 IL-18 的分泌和细胞焦亡。该领域的最新进展表明炎症小体在广泛的疾病模型中起关键作用。尽管炎症小体是宿主防御机制对抗病原体的重要组成部分，但炎症小体激活引起的过度免疫反应也导致了各种疾病的发展。随着正在进行的研究进一步阐明炎症小体的调节和功能，越来越多的证据表明炎症小体似乎在多种炎症性疾病的发展中起关键作用。在这里，我们讨论了炎症小体如何被调节以激活半胱天冬酶-1 以及如何参与人类疾病的最新见解。我们还回顾了炎症小体对肺部疾病的贡献。
