Carmo Luís P, Schüpbach-Regula Gertraud, Müntener Cedric, Chevance Anne, Moulin Gérard, Magouras Ioannis
Veterinary Public Health Institute, Vetsuisse, University of Bern, Switzerland.
Institut für Veterinärpharmakologie und -toxikologie, Vetsuisse, University of Zurich, Switzerland.
Euro Surveill. 2017 Feb 9;22(6). doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2017.22.6.30458.
Antimicrobial use in animals is known to contribute to the global burden of antimicrobial resistance. Therefore, it is critical to monitor antimicrobial sales for livestock and pets. Despite the availability of veterinary antimicrobial sales data in most European countries, surveillance currently lacks consumption monitoring at the animal species level. In this study, alternative methods were investigated for stratifying antimicrobial sales per species using Swiss data (2006-2013). Three approaches were considered: (i) Equal Distribution (ED) allocated antimicrobial sales evenly across all species each product was licensed for; (ii) Biomass Distribution (BMD) stratified antimicrobial consumption, weighting the representativeness of each species' total biomass; and (iii) Longitudinal Study Extrapolation (LSE) assigned antimicrobial sales per species based on a field study describing prescription patterns in Switzerland. LSE is expected to provide the best estimates because it relies on field data. Given the Swiss example, BMD appears to be a reliable method when prescription data are not available, whereas ED seems to underestimate consumption in species with larger populations and higher treatment intensity. These methods represent a valuable tool for improving the monitoring systems of veterinary antimicrobial consumption across Europe.
已知动物抗菌药物的使用会加重全球抗菌药物耐药性负担。因此，监测家畜和宠物的抗菌药物销量至关重要。尽管大多数欧洲国家都有兽用抗菌药物销售数据，但目前的监测缺乏动物物种层面的消费监测。在本研究中，利用瑞士的数据（2006 - 2013年），研究了按物种对抗菌药物销量进行分层的替代方法。考虑了三种方法：（i）平均分配法（ED）将抗菌药物销量平均分配到每种产品获批使用的所有物种；（ii）生物量分配法（BMD）对抗菌药物消费进行分层，权衡每个物种总生物量的代表性；（iii）纵向研究推断法（LSE）根据一项描述瑞士处方模式的实地研究为每个物种分配抗菌药物销量。预计LSE能提供最佳估计，因为它依赖实地数据。以瑞士为例，当没有处方数据时，BMD似乎是一种可靠的方法，而ED似乎会低估种群数量大且治疗强度高的物种的消费量。这些方法是改进欧洲兽用抗菌药物消费监测系统的宝贵工具。
