Chari Aswin, Hentall Ian D, Papadopoulos Marios C, Pereira Erlick A C
Academic Neurosurgery Unit, St George's, University of London, London SW17 0RE, UK.
Division of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London W6 8RF, UK.
Brain Sci. 2017 Feb 10;7(2):18. doi: 10.3390/brainsci7020018.
Traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating neurological condition characterized by a constellation of symptoms including paralysis, paraesthesia, pain, cardiovascular, bladder, bowel and sexual dysfunction. Current treatment for SCI involves acute resuscitation, aggressive rehabilitation and symptomatic treatment for complications. Despite the progress in scientific understanding, regenerative therapies are lacking. In this review, we outline the current state and future potential of invasive and non-invasive neuromodulation strategies including deep brain stimulation (DBS), spinal cord stimulation (SCS), motor cortex stimulation (MCS), transcutaneous direct current stimulation (tDCS) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in the context of SCI. We consider the ability of these therapies to address pain, sensorimotor symptoms and autonomic dysregulation associated with SCI. In addition to the potential to make important contributions to SCI treatment, neuromodulation has the added ability to contribute to our understanding of spinal cord neurobiology and the pathophysiology of SCI.
创伤性脊髓损伤（SCI）是一种严重的神经系统疾病，其特征是一系列症状，包括瘫痪、感觉异常、疼痛、心血管、膀胱、肠道和性功能障碍。目前对SCI的治疗包括急性复苏、积极的康复治疗以及对并发症的对症治疗。尽管在科学认识上取得了进展，但再生疗法仍然缺乏。在本综述中，我们概述了侵入性和非侵入性神经调节策略，包括深部脑刺激（DBS）、脊髓刺激（SCS）、运动皮层刺激（MCS）、经皮直流电刺激（tDCS）和重复经颅磁刺激（rTMS）在SCI背景下的现状和未来潜力。我们考虑了这些疗法解决与SCI相关的疼痛、感觉运动症状和自主神经调节障碍的能力。除了有可能为SCI治疗做出重要贡献外，神经调节还有助于我们对脊髓神经生物学和SCI病理生理学的理解。
