Tolosa Josefa, Graziani Giulia, Gaspari Anna, Chianese Donato, Ferrer Emilia, Mañes Jordi, Ritieni Alberto
Laboratory of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Valencia, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain.
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Napoli, Italy.
Toxins (Basel). 2017 Feb 9;9(2):59. doi: 10.3390/toxins9020059.
A simple and rapid multi-mycotoxin method for the determination of 17 mycotoxins simultaneously is described in the present survey on durum and soft wheat pasta samples. Mycotoxins included in the study were those mainly reported in cereal samples: ochratoxin-A (OTA), aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), zearalenone (ZON), deoxynivalenol (DON), 3-and 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol (3-AcDON and 15-AcDON), nivalenol (NIV), neosolaniol (NEO), fusarenon-X, (FUS-X), T-2 toxin (T-2) and HT-2 toxin (HT-2), fumonisin B1 and B2 (FB1 and FB2), and four emerging mycotoxins: three enniatins (ENA, ENA1, and ENB), and beauvericin (BEA). Twenty-nine samples were analyzed to provide an overview on mycotoxin presence: 27 samples of durum wheat pasta, and two samples of baby food. Analytical results concluded that trichothecenes showed the highest incidence, mainly DON, NIV, and HT-2 toxin, followed by ZON and ENB, while NEO, FUS-X, OTA, AFB1, and FUM were not detected in any sample. The highest contents corresponded to ENB and ranged from 91.15μg/kg to 710.90 μg/kg.
本研究针对硬质小麦和软质小麦面食样本，描述了一种简单快速的多霉菌毒素方法，可同时测定17种霉菌毒素。本研究纳入的霉菌毒素主要是谷物样本中常见的那些：赭曲霉毒素A（OTA）、黄曲霉毒素B1（AFB1）、玉米赤霉烯酮（ZON）、脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）、3-乙酰脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇和15-乙酰脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（3-AcDON和15-AcDON）、雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（NIV）、新茄病镰刀菌烯醇（NEO）、镰刀菌烯酮-X（FUS-X）、T-2毒素（T-2）和HT-2毒素（HT-2）、伏马菌素B1和B2（FB1和FB2），以及四种新出现的霉菌毒素：三种恩镰孢菌素（ENA、ENA1和ENB）和白僵菌素（BEA）。分析了29个样本以了解霉菌毒素的存在情况：27个硬质小麦面食样本和两个婴儿食品样本。分析结果表明，单端孢霉烯族毒素的发生率最高，主要是DON、NIV和HT-2毒素，其次是ZON和ENB，而任何样本中均未检测到NEO、FUS-X、OTA、AFB1和伏马菌素。最高含量对应于ENB，范围为91.15μg/kg至710.90μg/kg。
