Asadi-Lari Mohsen, Hassanzadeh Jafar, Torabinia Mansour, Vaez-Mahdavi Mohammad Reza, Montazeri Ali, Ghaem Haleh, Menati Rostam, Niazi Mohsen, Kassani Aziz
Associate Professor of Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Professor of Epidemiology, Research Center for Health Sciences, Department of Epidemiology, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Med J Islam Repub Iran. 2016 Sep 17;30:414. eCollection 2016.
Social capital has been defined as norms, networks, and social links that facilitate collective actions. Social capital is related to a number of main social and public health variables. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the factors associated with social capital among the residents of Tehran, Iran. In this large cross-sectional population-based study, 31531 residents aged 20 years and above were selected through multi-stage sampling method from 22 districts of Tehran in 2011. The social capital questionnaire, 28-item General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-28), and Short-Form Health Survey (SF-12) were used. Hypothetical causal models were designed to identify the pathways through which different variables influenced the components of social capital. Then, path analysis was conducted for identifying the determinants of social capital. The most influential variables in 'individual trust' were job status (β=0.37, p=0.02), marital status (β=0.32, p=0.01), Physical Component Summary (PCS) (β=0.37, p=0.02), and age (β=0.34, p=0.03). On the other hand, education level (β=0.34, p=0.01), age (β=0.33, p=0.02), marital status (β=0.33, p=0.01), and job status (β=0.32, p=0.01) were effective in 'cohesion and social support'. Additionally, age (β=0.18, p=0.02), PCS (β=0.36, p=0.01), house ownership (β=0.23, p=0.03), and mental health (β=0.26, p=0.01) were influential in 'social trust/collective relations'. Social capital can be improved in communities by planning to improve education and occupation status, paying more attention to strengthening family bonds, and provision of local facilities and neighborhood bonds to reduce migration within the city.
社会资本被定义为促进集体行动的规范、网络和社会联系。社会资本与一些主要的社会和公共卫生变量相关。因此，本研究旨在确定伊朗德黑兰居民中与社会资本相关的因素。在这项基于人群的大型横断面研究中，2011年通过多阶段抽样方法从德黑兰的22个区选取了31531名20岁及以上的居民。使用了社会资本问卷、28项一般健康问卷（GHQ - 28）和简短健康调查（SF - 12）。设计了假设因果模型以确定不同变量影响社会资本组成部分的途径。然后，进行路径分析以确定社会资本的决定因素。在“个人信任”方面，最具影响力的变量是工作状态（β = 0.37，p = 0.02）、婚姻状况（β = 0.32，p = 0.01）、身体成分总结（PCS）（β = 0.37，p = 0.02）和年龄（β = 0.34，p = 0.03）。另一方面，教育水平（β = 0.34，p = 0.01）、年龄（β = 0.33，p = 0.02）、婚姻状况（β = 0.33，p = 0.01）和工作状态（β = 0.32，p = 0.01）在“凝聚力和社会支持”方面有影响。此外，年龄（β = 0.18，p = 0.02）、PCS（β = 0.36，p = 0.01）、房屋所有权（β = 0.23，p = 0.03）和心理健康（β = 0.26，p = 0.01）在“社会信任/集体关系”方面有影响。通过规划改善教育和职业状况、更加注重加强家庭纽带以及提供当地设施和邻里关系以减少城市内部的迁移，可以提高社区的社会资本。
