Department of Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands; Sleep Disorders Center MCH, The Hague, The Netherlands.
Sleep Med. 2017 Feb;30:229-239. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2016.09.015. Epub 2016 Nov 5.
There is a surging public interest in The Netherlands concerning sleep, sleep disorders and associated health. For a proper perspective, it is necessary to have reliable information on the prevalence of sleep characteristics at the national level. This study set out to assess prevalence rates and key characteristics of sleep and sleep disorders in The Netherlands.
In 2012, a nationally representative sample of 2089 individuals, aged 18-70 years, responded to a set of 48 questions, including the Holland Sleep Disorders Questionnaire, a validated questionnaire based on the International Classification of Sleep Disorders.
Prevalence rates were: 32.1% for a general sleep disturbance (GSD), 43.2% for insufficient sleep, 8.2 for insomnia, 5.3% for circadian rhythm sleep disorder, 6.1% for parasomnia, 5.9% for hypersomnolence, 12.5% for restless legs disorder and limb movements during sleep, 7.1% for sleep related breathing disorder, and 12.2% for the presence of comorbidity, ie, the presence of two or more concurrent sleep disorders. In addition, sleep onset time as well as sleep duration showed U-shaped relationships with GSD prevalence rates, with respectively the 22:00-24:00 period and seven to 8 h as optimal associates.
Sleep disorders and insufficient sleep have a high prevalence. As matter of concern, female adolescents reached the highest prevalence rates for most sleep disorders, insufficient sleep and daytime malfunctioning.
荷兰民众对睡眠、睡眠障碍和相关健康问题的兴趣日益浓厚。为了正确看待这一问题，有必要掌握全国范围内睡眠特征的患病率的可靠信息。本研究旨在评估荷兰的睡眠和睡眠障碍的患病率及主要特征。
2012 年，对年龄在 18-70 岁的 2089 名具有代表性的个体进行了全国性抽样调查，他们对包括基于国际睡眠障碍分类的验证性问卷——荷兰睡眠障碍问卷在内的 48 个问题进行了回答。
总体睡眠障碍（GSD）的患病率为 32.1%，睡眠不足为 43.2%，失眠为 8.2%，昼夜节律睡眠障碍为 5.3%，睡眠相关行为障碍为 6.1%，睡眠过度为 5.9%，不宁腿综合征和睡眠期间肢体运动为 12.5%，睡眠呼吸障碍为 7.1%，合并症（即同时存在两种或两种以上睡眠障碍）的患病率为 12.2%。此外，入睡时间和睡眠时间与 GSD 的患病率呈 U 型关系，分别以 22:00-24:00 为最佳入睡时间和 7-8 小时的睡眠时长。
睡眠障碍和睡眠不足的患病率很高。令人担忧的是，女性青少年在大多数睡眠障碍、睡眠不足和日间功能障碍方面的患病率最高。
