Nawab Tabassum, Khan Zulfia, Khan Iqbal Mohammed, Ansari Mohammed Athar
Department of Community Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2016 Jul-Sep;5(3):581-586. doi: 10.4103/2249-4863.197296.
There has been an increasing secular trend in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in developing countries. The prevalence reported among children and adolescents of some metro cities in India are comparable to that in some developed countries. Westernization of culture, rapid mushrooming of fast food joints, lack of physical activity, and increasing sedentary pursuits in the metro cities are some of the reasons implicated for this. The nutritional changes in small town school children might be following the same pattern of larger cities.
To study the prevalence of overweight and obesity among school-going adolescents of Aligarh and to study the sociodemographic and behavioral correlates of the same.
A cross-sectional study done in two affluent and two nonaffluent schools in Aligarh, taking 330 adolescents from each group (total-660). Study tools included a predesigned and pretested questionnaire, Global Physical Activity Questionnaire, and anthropometric measurement. Overweight and obesity were defined based on World Health Organization 2007 Growth Reference. Chi-square test and multiple logistic regression analysis were done.
Prevalence of overweight and obesity was 9.8% and 4.8% among school-going adolescents. The difference in prevalence of overweight and obesity among affluent schools (14.8% and 8.2%) and nonaffluent schools (4.8% and 1.5%) was significant. Risk factors for overweight and obesity were affluence, higher maternal education, parental history of obesity, frequent fast food intake, and television (TV) viewing more than 2 h/day.
Overweight and obesity among school-going adolescents is a crisis facing even smaller cities in India. Behavior change communication should be focused to adolescents, especially of the affluent section, toward restricting fast food intake, and TV viewing.
发展中国家超重和肥胖的患病率呈长期上升趋势。印度一些大城市儿童和青少年中的患病率与一些发达国家相当。文化西化、快餐店迅速涌现、缺乏体育活动以及大城市中久坐不动的行为增多是造成这种情况的一些原因。小镇学龄儿童的营养变化可能与大城市遵循相同模式。
研究阿利加尔市学龄青少年超重和肥胖的患病率，并研究其社会人口统计学和行为相关性。
在阿利加尔市两所富裕学校和两所非富裕学校进行横断面研究，每组选取330名青少年（共660名）。研究工具包括预先设计和预测试的问卷、全球身体活动问卷和人体测量。根据世界卫生组织2007年生长参考标准定义超重和肥胖。进行卡方检验和多元逻辑回归分析。
学龄青少年中超重和肥胖的患病率分别为9.8%和4.8%。富裕学校（14.8%和8.2%）和非富裕学校（4.8%和1.5%）超重和肥胖患病率的差异具有统计学意义。超重和肥胖的危险因素包括富裕、母亲教育程度较高、父母肥胖史、频繁摄入快餐以及每天看电视超过2小时。
学龄青少年超重和肥胖是印度甚至小城市面临的危机。行为改变宣传应针对青少年，尤其是富裕阶层，以限制快餐摄入和看电视时间。
