Ebner Daniel K, Tinganelli Walter, Helm Alexander, Bisio Alessandra, Yamada Shigeru, Kamada Tadashi, Shimokawa Takashi, Durante Marco
Hospital of the National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes of Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan; Brown University Alpert Medical School, Providence, RI, USA.
Trento Institute for Fundamental Physics and Applications-National Institute for Nuclear Physics (TIFPA-INFN), University of Trento , Trentino , Italy.
Front Immunol. 2017 Feb 6;8:99. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00099. eCollection 2017.
Cancer treatment, today, consists of surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, and most recently immunotherapy. Combination immunotherapy-radiotherapy (CIR) has experienced a surge in public attention due to numerous clinical publications outlining the reduction or elimination of metastatic disease, following treatment with specifically ipilimumab and radiotherapy. The mechanism behind CIR, however, remains unclear, though it is hypothesized that radiation transforms the tumor into an vaccine which immunotherapy modulates into a larger immune response. To date, the majority of attention has focused on rotating out immunotherapeutics with conventional radiation; however, the unique biological and physical benefits of particle irradiation may prove superior in generation of systemic effect. Here, we review recent advances in CIR, with a particular focus on the usage of charged particles to induce or enhance response to cancerous disease.
如今，癌症治疗包括手术、化疗、放疗，以及最近出现的免疫疗法。免疫疗法与放疗联合治疗（CIR）受到了公众的广泛关注，因为众多临床出版物都概述了在使用伊匹单抗和放疗进行治疗后转移性疾病的减少或消除。然而，CIR背后的机制仍不清楚，不过据推测，放疗会将肿瘤转化为一种疫苗，免疫疗法可将其调节为更强的免疫反应。迄今为止，大多数关注都集中在将免疫疗法与传统放疗交替使用上；然而，粒子辐射独特的生物学和物理优势可能在产生全身效应方面更具优势。在此，我们综述了CIR的最新进展，特别关注带电粒子在诱导或增强对癌症疾病反应方面的应用。
