Jehan Shazia, Auguste Evan, Zizi Ferdinand, Pandi-Perumal Seithikurippu R, Gupta Ravi, Attarian Hrayr, Jean-Louis Giradin, McFarlane Samy I
Departments of Population Health, Center for Healthful Behavior Change, Health and Behavior, New York University School of Medicine, USA.
Somnogen Canada Inc., Toronto, Canada.
J Sleep Med Disord. 2016;3(6). Epub 2016 Aug 25.
The main characteristics of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) are airflow limitation, chronic intermittent hypoxia, or apnea; which may lead to tissue hypoperfusion and recurrent arousal from sleep. These episodes of hypoxia or apnea can lead to tissue inflammation, and are causal factors of disturbed sleep in both men and women. Several lines of evidence suggest that sleep patterns differ along the lifespan in both male and female subjects, and this may result from the influence of female gonadotropic hormones on sleep. Compared to men, women have more sleep complaints, as women's sleep is not only influenced by gonadotropins, but also by conditions related to these hormones, such as pregnancy. It is therefore not surprising that sleep disturbances are seen during menopause, too. Factors that may play a role in this type of SDB in women include vasomotor symptoms, changing reproductive hormone levels, circadian rhythm abnormalities, mood disorders, coexistent medical conditions, and lifestyle factors.
睡眠呼吸障碍（SDB）的主要特征是气流受限、慢性间歇性缺氧或呼吸暂停；这可能导致组织灌注不足和睡眠中反复觉醒。这些缺氧或呼吸暂停发作可导致组织炎症，是男性和女性睡眠障碍的病因。有几条证据表明，男性和女性受试者的睡眠模式在一生中有所不同，这可能是女性促性腺激素对睡眠影响的结果。与男性相比，女性有更多的睡眠问题，因为女性的睡眠不仅受促性腺激素影响，还受与这些激素相关的状况影响，如怀孕。因此，在更年期出现睡眠障碍也就不足为奇了。可能在女性这种类型的睡眠呼吸障碍中起作用的因素包括血管舒缩症状、生殖激素水平变化、昼夜节律异常、情绪障碍、并存的医疗状况和生活方式因素。
