Área Académica de Nutrición, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Pachuca de Soto, Mexico.
Departamento de Microbiología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City, Mexico.
Eur J Nutr. 2018 Feb;57(1):383-389. doi: 10.1007/s00394-017-1394-2. Epub 2017 Feb 27.
Studies have found that pomegranate juice (PJ) consumption increases the binding of high-density lipoproteins (HDL) to paraoxonase 1 (PON1), thus increasing the catalytic activity of this enzyme. PON1 is an antioxidant arylesterase synthesized in the liver and transported in plasma in association with HDL. Decreased levels of PON1 are associated with higher levels of cholesterol. We determined the effects of PJ on body weight, cholesterol, and triacylglycerols through 5 months of supplementation. In addition, the effect of PJ on pon1 gene expression in the liver was also measured by RT-qPCR as well as the activity in serum by a semiautomated method using paraoxon as a substrate.
CD-1 mice were either fed a control diet or were fed a high-fat diet 1.25% (wt/wt) cholesterol, 0.5% (wt/wt) sodium cholate, and 15% (wt/wt) saturated fat. 300 μL of PJ containing 0.35 mmol total polyphenols was administered by oral gavage to half of the high fat mice daily. The rest of the high fat mice and the control mice were administered with 300 μL of water.
PJ-supplemented animals had significantly higher levels of expression of pon1 compared to the unsupplemented group. PJ-supplemented animals had twice the PON1 activity of the unsupplemented group. In addition, PJ-supplemented animals had the lowest body weight and significantly reduced cholesterol and triacylglycerol levels, although the tricylglycerol levels were not consistently decreased.
These results suggest that PJ protects against the effects of a high-fat diet in body weight, and cholesterol levels.
研究发现，石榴汁（PJ）的摄入增加了高密度脂蛋白（HDL）与对氧磷酶 1（PON1）的结合，从而提高了这种酶的催化活性。PON1 是一种在肝脏中合成并与 HDL 一起在血浆中运输的抗氧化芳酯酶。PON1 水平降低与胆固醇水平升高有关。我们通过 5 个月的补充来确定 PJ 对体重、胆固醇和三酰甘油的影响。此外，还通过 RT-qPCR 测定 PJ 对肝脏 pon1 基因表达的影响，以及使用对氧磷作为底物的半自动方法测定血清中的酶活性。
CD-1 小鼠喂食对照饮食或喂食高脂肪饮食（1.25%（wt/wt）胆固醇、0.5%（wt/wt）胆酸钠和 15%（wt/wt）饱和脂肪）。每日通过口服灌胃给一半高脂肪小鼠施用含有 0.35mmol 总多酚的 300μL PJ。其余高脂肪小鼠和对照小鼠施用 300μL 水。
与未补充组相比，补充 PJ 的动物 pon1 的表达水平显著升高。补充 PJ 的动物的 PON1 活性是未补充组的两倍。此外，补充 PJ 的动物体重最低，胆固醇和三酰甘油水平显著降低，尽管三酰甘油水平并未持续降低。
这些结果表明，PJ 可预防高脂肪饮食对体重和胆固醇水平的影响。
