Ssajjakambwe Paul, Bahizi Gloria, Setumba Christopher, Kisaka Stevens M B, Vudriko Patrick, Atuheire Collins, Kabasa John David, Kaneene John B
College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University Kampala, P.O. Box 7062, Kampala, Uganda.
Medical Research Council, Uganda Virus Research Institute, P.O. Box 49, Entebbe, Uganda.
Vet Med Int. 2017;2017:8710758. doi: 10.1155/2017/8710758. Epub 2017 Jan 26.
Mastitis and antimicrobial resistance are a big challenge to the dairy industry in sub-Saharan Africa. A study was conducted in Kashongi and Keshunga subcounties of Kiruhura District (in Uganda) where the government and private sector have deliberate programs to improve production efficiency, quality, and safety of milk and its products. The study aimed to determine the prevalence of mastitis, its common causative agents, antimicrobial sensitivity of mastitis causing organisms, and contaminants of processed milk products: yoghurt and ghee. Seventy-one milk, fourteen yoghurt, and three ghee samples were collected from nine farms. Of the 71 cows tested, 54 (76.1%) had mastitis. The mastitis cases from Keshunga were 32 (59.3%) and Kashongi contributed 22 (40.7%) of the cases. The common mastitis causative agents were spp. (30.8%), spp. (12.3%), spp.(15.4%), and (7.7%). Some of the isolates were resistant to tetracycline and penicillin. Prevalent contaminants of yoghurt were spp. (8.3%), spp. (8.3%), spp. (8.3%), and (8.3%), whereas all ghee contained spp. (100%). Prevalence of mastitis, antimicrobial resistance, and contamination of milk products are high in the study area. Targeted programs to prevent and control mastitis as well as antibiotic resistance are recommended.
乳腺炎和抗菌药物耐药性是撒哈拉以南非洲乳制品行业面临的重大挑战。在基鲁胡拉区（乌干达）的卡松吉和凯顺加乡开展了一项研究，政府和私营部门在当地实施了旨在提高牛奶及其制品生产效率、质量和安全性的专门项目。该研究旨在确定乳腺炎的患病率、常见病原体、引起乳腺炎的病原体的抗菌敏感性以及加工乳制品（酸奶和酥油）的污染物。从9个农场采集了71份牛奶、14份酸奶和3份酥油样本。在检测的71头奶牛中，54头（76.1%）患有乳腺炎。凯顺加的乳腺炎病例有32例（59.3%），卡松吉的病例占22例（40.7%）。常见的乳腺炎病原体为 spp.（30.8%）、 spp.（12.3%）、 spp.（15.4%）和 （7.7%）。一些分离株对四环素和青霉素耐药。酸奶中普遍存在的污染物为 spp.（8.3%）、 spp.（8.3%）、 spp.（8.3%）和 （8.3%），而所有酥油均含有 spp.（100%）。研究区域内乳腺炎的患病率、抗菌药物耐药性以及乳制品的污染情况都很高。建议实施有针对性的项目来预防和控制乳腺炎以及抗生素耐药性。
