Furusawa Takuro, Naka Izumi, Yamauchi Taro, Natsuhara Kazumi, Eddie Ricky, Kimura Ryosuke, Nakazawa Minato, Ishida Takafumi, Ohtsuka Ryutaro, Ohashi Jun
Graduate School of Asian and African Area Studies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
PLoS One. 2017 Mar 2;12(3):e0172676. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172676. eCollection 2017.
The people of the Solomon Islands represent an Austronesian (AN)-speaking population's adaptation to a humid tropical environment and subsistence of tuberous crops. Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of other populations (e.g. the Human Genome Diversity Project [HGDP]) have suggested the existence of genotypes adaptive to ecoregion, diet, and subsistence, and that those genotypes are also associated with metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Recently, the incidence of non-communicable diseases has been increasing in the Solomon Islands. In the present study, we explored the association of genotypes adaptive to a tropical environment and tuberous crop diet with metabolic and cardiovascular conditions in rural and urban AN-speaking Melanesian and Micronesian populations of the Solomon Islands. A total of 561 participants were genotyped for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) potentially associated with a tropical environment (rs174570 and rs2237892) and a tuberous crop diet (rs162036, rs185819, and rs2722425). The results showed that the allele frequencies of the Solomon Islands populations adopted patterns similar to those in populations from other hot, tropical areas with a tuberous crop diet in previous studies. Furthermore, rs162036, rs185819, rs2237892, and rs2722425 were all strongly associated with one or more metabolic and cardiovascular conditions. The derived allele of rs2722425 (i.e. rs2722425-G) was significantly associated with an elevated LDL level (P = 0.000264) even after the significance level was adjusted for multiple testing (i.e., α = 0.0005). Our results suggest that the inhabitants of the Solomon Islands exhibit the effects of the tropical environment and tuberous crop diet on their allele frequencies, and that their susceptibility to metabolic and cardiovascular diseases is therefore considered to be associated with their environment and diet.
所罗门群岛的居民代表了一个说南岛语（AN）的群体对潮湿热带环境的适应以及对块茎作物的依赖。对其他群体（如人类基因组多样性计划[HGDP]）进行的全基因组关联研究（GWAS）表明，存在适应生态区域、饮食和生计的基因型，并且这些基因型也与代谢和心血管疾病有关。最近，所罗门群岛非传染性疾病的发病率一直在上升。在本研究中，我们探讨了适应热带环境和块茎作物饮食的基因型与所罗门群岛农村和城市说AN的美拉尼西亚和密克罗尼西亚人群的代谢和心血管状况之间的关联。总共561名参与者针对可能与热带环境（rs174570和rs2237892）和块茎作物饮食（rs162036、rs185819和rs2722425）相关的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）进行了基因分型。结果表明，所罗门群岛人群的等位基因频率呈现出与先前研究中其他炎热热带地区且以块茎作物为饮食的人群相似的模式。此外，rs162036、rs185819、rs2237892和rs2722425均与一种或多种代谢和心血管状况密切相关。即使在对多重检验进行显著性水平调整（即α = 0.0005）之后，rs2722425的衍生等位基因（即rs2722425-G）仍与低密度脂蛋白水平升高显著相关（P = 0.000264）。我们的结果表明，所罗门群岛居民的等位基因频率呈现出热带环境和块茎作物饮食的影响，因此他们对代谢和心血管疾病的易感性被认为与其环境和饮食有关。
