Clinical Research Centre, Medical University of Bialystok, Marii Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276 Bialystok, Poland.
Department of Family Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, Mieszka I 4b, 15-054 Bialystok, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Nov 7;22(21):12044. doi: 10.3390/ijms222112044.
The melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) gene harbours one of the strongest susceptibility loci for obesity and obesity-related metabolic consequences. We analysed whether dietary factors may attenuate the associations between genotypes and obesity and metabolic parameters. In 819 participants genotyped for common polymorphisms (rs17782313, rs12970134, rs633265, and rs135034), the anthropometric measurements, body fat content and distribution (visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue, VAT and SAT, respectively), and blood glucose, insulin, total-, LDL-, HDL-cholesterol, triglycerides concentrations, and daily macronutrient intake were assessed. ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis tests were used, and multivariate linear regression models were developed. We observed that the CC genotype carriers (rs17782313) presented higher VAT, VAT/SAT ratio, fasting blood glucose and triglyceride concentrations when they were stratified to the upper quantiles of protein intake. An increase in energy derived from proteins was associated with higher BMI (Est. 5.74, R = 0.12), body fat content (Est. 8.44, R = 0.82), VAT (Est. 32.59, R = 0.06), and VAT/SAT ratio (Est. 0.96, R = 0.05). The AA genotype carriers (rs12970134) presented higher BMI, body fat, SAT and VAT, fasting blood glucose, triglycerides and total cholesterol concentrations. An increase in energy derived from proteins by AA carriers was associated with higher VAT (Est.19.95, R = 0.06) and VAT/SAT ratio (Est. 0.64, R = 0.05). Our findings suggest that associations of the common SNPs with obesity and its metabolic complications may be dependent on the daily dietary intake, which may open new areas for developing personalised diets for preventing and treating obesity and obesity-related comorbidities.
黑皮质素 4 受体（MC4R）基因是肥胖和肥胖相关代谢后果的最强易感基因之一。我们分析了饮食因素是否可能减弱基因型与肥胖和代谢参数之间的关联。在 819 名常见多态性（rs17782313、rs12970134、rs633265 和 rs135034）基因分型的参与者中，评估了人体测量学测量值、体脂肪含量和分布（内脏和皮下脂肪组织，分别为 VAT 和 SAT）以及血糖、胰岛素、总胆固醇、LDL-胆固醇、HDL-胆固醇、甘油三酯浓度和每日宏量营养素摄入量。使用方差分析或 Kruskal-Wallis 检验，并开发了多变量线性回归模型。我们观察到，当按蛋白质摄入量的上四分位数分层时，CC 基因型携带者（rs17782313）的 VAT、VAT/SAT 比值、空腹血糖和甘油三酯浓度更高。从蛋白质中获得的能量增加与 BMI 升高相关（估计值 5.74，R = 0.12）、体脂肪含量增加（估计值 8.44，R = 0.82）、VAT 增加（估计值 32.59，R = 0.06）和 VAT/SAT 比值增加（估计值 0.96，R = 0.05）。AA 基因型携带者（rs12970134）的 BMI、体脂肪、SAT 和 VAT、空腹血糖、甘油三酯和总胆固醇浓度更高。AA 携带者从蛋白质中获得的能量增加与 VAT 增加相关（估计值 19.95，R = 0.06）和 VAT/SAT 比值增加（估计值 0.64，R = 0.05）。我们的研究结果表明，常见 SNP 与肥胖及其代谢并发症的关联可能取决于日常饮食摄入，这可能为开发预防和治疗肥胖和肥胖相关合并症的个性化饮食开辟新的领域。
