Zhang Melvyn W B, Hong Ying X, Husain Syeda F, Harris Keith M, Ho Roger C M
Center for Healthcare Innovations & Medical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
PLoS One. 2017 Mar 3;12(3):e0173202. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173202. eCollection 2017.
There are multifaceted views on the use of ketamine, a potentially addictive substance, to treat mental health problems. The past 15 years have seen growing media coverage of ketamine for medical and other purposes. This study examined the print news media coverage of medical and other uses of ketamine in North America to determine orientations and trends over time.
Print newspaper coverage of ketamine from 2000 to 2015 was reviewed, resulting in 43 print news articles from 28 North American newspapers. A 55-item structured coding instrument was applied to assess news reports of ketamine. Items captured negative and positive aspects, therapeutic use of ketamine, and adverse side effects. Chi-squares tested for changes in trends over time.
In the 15-year reviewed period, the three most frequent themes related to ketamine were: abuse (68.2%), legal status (34.1%), and clinical use in anesthesia (31.8%). There was significant change in trends during two periods (2000-2007 and 2008-2015). In 2008-2015, print news media articles were significantly more likely to encourage clinical use of ketamine to treat depression (p = 0.002), to treat treatment resistant depression (p = 0.043), and to claim that ketamine is more effective than conventional antidepressants (p = 0.043).
Our review found consistent positive changes in the portrayals of ketamine by the print news media as a therapeutic antidepressant that mirror the recent scientific publications. These changes in news media reporting might influence the popularity of ketamine use to treat clinical depression. Guidance is required for journalists on objective reporting of medical research findings, including limitations of current research evidence and potential risks of ketamine.
对于使用氯胺酮（一种具有潜在成瘾性的物质）治疗心理健康问题存在多方面的观点。在过去15年里，媒体对氯胺酮用于医疗及其他用途的报道不断增加。本研究调查了北美纸质新闻媒体对氯胺酮医疗及其他用途的报道，以确定其随时间的倾向和趋势。
回顾了2000年至2015年纸质报纸对氯胺酮的报道，共得到来自28家北美报纸的43篇纸质新闻文章。应用一份包含55个条目的结构化编码工具来评估氯胺酮的新闻报道。条目涵盖了负面和正面方面、氯胺酮的治疗用途以及不良副作用。采用卡方检验来检测随时间的趋势变化。
在15年的回顾期内，与氯胺酮相关的三个最常见主题是：滥用（68.2%）、法律地位（34.1%）以及麻醉临床应用（31.8%）。在两个时期（2000 - 2007年和2008 - 2015年）趋势有显著变化。在2008 - 2015年，纸质新闻媒体文章显著更倾向于鼓励临床使用氯胺酮治疗抑郁症（p = 0.002）、治疗难治性抑郁症（p = 0.043），并声称氯胺酮比传统抗抑郁药更有效（p = 0.043）。
我们的综述发现，纸质新闻媒体对氯胺酮作为一种治疗性抗抑郁药的描述呈现出持续的积极变化，这与近期的科学出版物相呼应。新闻媒体报道的这些变化可能会影响氯胺酮用于治疗临床抑郁症的普及程度。需要为记者提供关于客观报道医学研究结果的指导，包括当前研究证据的局限性以及氯胺酮的潜在风险。
