特定语言障碍学龄前儿童句子的语义加工：来自N400效应的证据。
Semantic Processing of Sentences in Preschoolers With Specific Language Impairment: Evidence From the N400 Effect.
作者信息
Pijnacker Judith, Davids Nina, van Weerdenburg Marjolijn, Verhoeven Ludo, Knoors Harry, van Alphen Petra
机构信息
Royal Dutch Kentalis, Sint-Michielsgestel, the Netherlands.
Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
出版信息
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2017 Mar 1;60(3):627-639. doi: 10.1044/2016_JSLHR-L-15-0299.
PURPOSE
Given the complexity of sentence processing and the specific problems that children with specific language impairment (SLI) experience, we investigated the time course and characteristics of semantic processing at the sentence level in Dutch preschoolers with SLI.
METHOD
We measured N400 responses to semantically congruent and incongruent spoken sentences (e.g., "My father is eating an apple/*blanket") in a group of 37 Dutch preschoolers with SLI and in a group of 25 typically developing (TD) peers. We compared the time course and amplitude of the N400 effect between the two groups.
RESULTS
The TD group showed a strong posterior N400 effect in time windows 300-500 ms and 500-800 ms. In contrast, the SLI group demonstrated only a reliable N400 effect in the later time window, 500-800 ms, and did not show a stronger presence at posterior electrodes.
CONCLUSION
The findings suggest that the neuronal processing of semantic information at sentence level is atypical in preschoolers with SLI compared with TD children.
目的
鉴于句子处理的复杂性以及特定语言障碍（SLI）儿童所经历的具体问题，我们研究了荷兰学龄前SLI儿童在句子层面语义处理的时间进程和特征。
方法
我们测量了37名荷兰学龄前SLI儿童和25名发育正常（TD）的同龄儿童对语义一致和不一致的口语句子（例如，“我父亲正在吃一个苹果/ *毯子”）的N400反应。我们比较了两组之间N400效应的时间进程和幅度。
结果
TD组在300 - 500毫秒和500 - 800毫秒的时间窗口中显示出强烈的后部N400效应。相比之下，SLI组仅在较晚的时间窗口500 - 800毫秒中表现出可靠的N400效应，并且在后部电极处没有显示出更强的信号。
结论
研究结果表明，与TD儿童相比，SLI学龄前儿童在句子层面语义信息的神经元处理存在异常。
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