麝鼠（麝鼠属）的麝香腺季节性发育和麝香分泌受睾丸调控。
Musk gland seasonal development and musk secretion are regulated by the testis in muskrat (Ondatra zibethicus).
作者信息
Zhang Tianxiang, Peng Dong, Qi Lei, Li Weixuan, Fan Mengyuan, Shen Jiachen, Yang Liangliang, Wang Yihua, Wang Wenxia, Hu Xiaolong, Cai Ruibo, Zhou Ran, Wei Yuting, Zhou Juntong, Yang Shuang, Hu Defu, Liu Shuqiang
机构信息
College of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.
Zhonshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, People's Republic of China.
出版信息
Biol Res. 2017 Mar 4;50(1):10. doi: 10.1186/s40659-017-0116-9.
BACKGROUND
The muskrat is a seasonal breeder. Males secrete musk to attract females during the breeding season. The testosterone binding to the androgen receptor (AR) in musk glands of muskrat may play an important role conducting the musk secretion process.
METHODS
The musk gland, testis and blood samples of musk rats are collected in both breeding and non-breeding seasons. Some part of the samples are kept in liquid nitrogen for transcriptome analysis and Western blotting test. Some part of the samples are kept in 70% alcohol for histology experiment, blood samples are kept at -20 °C for the serum testosterone measurement experiment.
RESULTS
This study demonstrates that the quantity of secreted musk, the volume of the musk glands, the diameter of the gland cells and AR expression are all higher during the breeding season than at other times (p < 0.01). StAR, P450scc and 3β-HSD expression in the Leydig cells of the testis were also higher during this season, as was serum testosterone. AR was also observed in the gland cells of two other musk-secreting animals, the musk deer and small Indian civet, in their musk glands. These results suggest that the testes and musk glands co-develop seasonally.
CONCLUSION
The musk glands' seasonal development and musk secretion are regulated by the testes, and testosterone plays an important role in the seasonal development of musk glands.
背景
麝鼠是季节性繁殖动物。雄性在繁殖季节分泌麝香以吸引雌性。睾酮与麝鼠麝腺中的雄激素受体（AR）结合可能在麝香分泌过程中起重要作用。
方法
在繁殖季节和非繁殖季节采集麝鼠的麝腺、睾丸和血液样本。部分样本保存在液氮中用于转录组分析和蛋白质免疫印迹试验。部分样本保存在70%酒精中用于组织学实验，血液样本保存在-20°C用于血清睾酮测量实验。
结果
本研究表明，繁殖季节分泌的麝香量、麝腺体积、腺细胞直径和AR表达均高于其他时期（p<0.01）。该季节睾丸间质细胞中StAR、P450scc和3β-HSD的表达也较高，血清睾酮水平亦是如此。在另外两种分泌麝香的动物——麝和小灵猫的麝腺腺细胞中也观察到了AR。这些结果表明睾丸和麝腺季节性共同发育。
结论
麝腺的季节性发育和麝香分泌受睾丸调节，睾酮在麝腺的季节性发育中起重要作用。
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