Unit of Cancer Genetics, Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry (ICB), National Research Council (CNR), Traversa La Crucca 3, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro 43, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2017 Mar;111:31-38. doi: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2017.01.003. Epub 2017 Jan 12.
Long non-coding RNAs cover large part of the non-coding information of the human DNA, which represents more than 90% of the whole genome. They constitute a wide and complex group of molecules with more than 200 nucleotides, which generally lack an open reading frame, and are involved in various ways in the pathophysiology of cancer. Their roles in the regulation of gene expression, imprinting, transcription, and post-translational processing have been described in several types of cancer. CASC2 was discovered in 2004 in patients with endometrial carcinoma as a potential tumor suppressor. Since then, additional studies in other types of neoplasia have been carried out, and both mechanisms and interactions of CASC2 in cancer have been better elucidated. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the role of CASC2 in the genesis, progression, and clinical management of human cancer.
长链非编码 RNA 覆盖了人类 DNA 中非编码信息的大部分，占整个基因组的 90%以上。它们是一个广泛而复杂的分子群体，长度超过 200 个核苷酸，通常缺乏开放阅读框，并以多种方式参与癌症的病理生理学。它们在基因表达调控、印迹、转录和翻译后加工中的作用已在几种类型的癌症中得到描述。CASC2 于 2004 年在子宫内膜癌患者中被发现是一种潜在的肿瘤抑制因子。此后，在其他类型的肿瘤中进行了更多的研究，更好地阐明了 CASC2 在癌症中的机制和相互作用。在这篇综述中，我们总结了目前关于 CASC2 在人类癌症发生、进展和临床管理中的作用的知识。
