Boddu Prajwal, Parimi Vamsi, Taddonio Michale, Kane Joshua Robert, Yeldandi Anjana
Department of Internal Medicine, Advocate Illinois Masonic Medical Center, 836 West Wellington Avenue, Chicago, IL 60657, USA.
Department of Pathology, Loyola University Medical Center, 2160 S. 1st Avenue, Maywood, IL 60153, USA.
Patholog Res Int. 2017;2017:3502438. doi: 10.1155/2017/3502438. Epub 2017 Feb 8.
The presence of pulmonary parenchymal cysts on computed tomography (CT) imaging presents a significant diagnostic challenge. The diverse range of possible etiologies can usually be differentiated based on the clinical setting and radiologic features. In fact, the advent of high-resolution CT has facilitated making a diagnosis solely on analysis of CT image patterns, thus averting the need for a biopsy. While it is possible to make a fairly specific diagnosis during early stages of disease evolution by its characteristic radiological presentation, distinct features may progress to temporally converge into relatively nonspecific radiologic presentations sometimes necessitating histological examination to make a diagnosis. The aim of this review study is to provide both the pathologist and the radiologist with an overview of the diseases most commonly associated with cystic lung lesions primarily in adults by illustration and description of pathologic and radiologic features of each entity. Brief descriptions and characteristic radiologic features of the various disease entities are included and illustrative examples are provided for the common majority of them. In this article, we also classify pulmonary cystic disease with an emphasis on the pathophysiology behind cyst formation in an attempt to elucidate the characteristics of similar cystic appearances seen in various disease entities.
计算机断层扫描（CT）成像显示的肺实质囊肿给诊断带来了重大挑战。通常可以根据临床情况和放射学特征区分各种可能的病因。事实上，高分辨率CT的出现有助于仅通过分析CT图像模式进行诊断，从而避免了活检的需要。虽然通过其特征性的放射学表现有可能在疾病演变的早期阶段做出相当明确的诊断，但不同特征可能会逐渐发展为在时间上趋于相对非特异性的放射学表现，有时需要进行组织学检查才能做出诊断。本综述研究的目的是通过举例说明和描述每种疾病的病理和放射学特征，为病理学家和放射学家提供主要在成人中与肺囊性病变最常相关的疾病概述。文中包括了各种疾病实体的简要描述和特征性放射学特征，并为大多数常见疾病提供了示例。在本文中，我们还对肺囊性疾病进行了分类，重点关注囊肿形成背后的病理生理学，以试图阐明在各种疾病实体中看到的类似囊性表现的特征。
