La Torre Giuseppe, Scalingi Stefania, Garruto Veronica, Siclari Marco, Chiarini Massimiliano, Mannocci Alice
Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Roma, Italy.
Healthcare (Basel). 2017 Mar 7;5(1):13. doi: 10.3390/healthcare5010013.
Healthcare workers (HCWs) are an important group of professionals exposed to biological risk during their work activities. So, the aim of this study is to perform a survey on the knowledge, attitude and behaviour of Italian HCWs towards the vaccinations recommended by the Ministry of Health. A cross-sectional study was carried out during the period September 2014-August 2015 in the Lazio region. The study was conducted by recruiting HCWs and biomedical students. The sample was comprised of 571 responders, of whom 12.4% were physicians, 18.9% were nurses, 34.3% were other HCW, and 34.3% were biomedical students (medical and nurses students). Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is perceived as a risk for personal health by 457 (80%) participants; TB is also worrying (434; 76%). Moreover, HBV (70.9%) and tuberculosis (TB) (79.2%) are perceived as a risk for health, while influenza is not considered so by most participants (46.2%). There is an underestimation of the role of influenza, perceived as a risk for 137 respondents (24%). The vaccination rate among these HCWs is highest for Hepatitis B virus (HBV) (82%), and lowest for influenza (28.5%) and varicella (40.3%). The vast majority of responders are in favour of HBV (77.8%) and TB (64.8%) vaccines. For other vaccinations there is less interest (between 33% and 40% for measles, mumps, rubella, pertussis and influenza). This study shows that knowledge of recommended occupational vaccinations is insufficient in HCWs, with few exceptions represented by HBV and TB. There is a need for novel approaches in this field, with the aim of enhancing vaccine coverage among HCW.
医护人员是在工作活动中面临生物风险的重要专业群体。因此,本研究的目的是对意大利医护人员关于卫生部推荐疫苗接种的知识、态度和行为进行调查。2014年9月至2015年8月期间在拉齐奥地区开展了一项横断面研究。该研究通过招募医护人员和生物医学专业学生进行。样本包括571名应答者,其中12.4%为医生,18.9%为护士,34.3%为其他医护人员,34.3%为生物医学专业学生(医学和护理专业学生)。457名(80%)参与者认为乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)对个人健康构成风险;结核病也令人担忧(434名;76%)。此外,70.9%的参与者认为HBV和79.2%的参与者认为结核病对健康构成风险,而大多数参与者(46.2%)不认为流感是健康风险。对流感作用的认识被低估,只有137名应答者(24%)认为流感有风险。这些医护人员中乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)的疫苗接种率最高(82%),流感(28.5%)和水痘(40.3%)的疫苗接种率最低。绝大多数应答者赞成接种HBV(77.8%)和结核病(64.8%)疫苗。对于其他疫苗接种,兴趣较低(麻疹、腮腺炎、风疹、百日咳和流感的接种率在33%至40%之间)。本研究表明,医护人员对推荐的职业疫苗接种知识不足,HBV和结核病是少数例外情况。该领域需要新的方法,以提高医护人员的疫苗接种覆盖率。