Silva Luisa H A, Cruz Fernanda F, Morales Marcelo M, Weiss Daniel J, Rocco Patricia R M
Laboratory of Pulmonary Investigation, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.
Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Carlos Chagas Filho, 373, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902, Brazil.
Stem Cell Res Ther. 2017 Mar 9;8(1):58. doi: 10.1186/s13287-017-0523-4.
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have been extensively investigated in the field of regenerative medicine. It is known that the success of MSC-based therapies depends primarily on effective cell delivery to the target site where they will secrete vesicles and soluble factors with immunomodulatory and potentially reparative properties. However, some lesions are located in sites that are difficult to access, such as the heart, spinal cord, and joints. Additionally, low MSC retention at target sites makes cell therapy short-lasting and, therefore, less effective. In this context, the magnetic targeting technique has emerged as a new strategy to aid delivery, increase retention, and enhance the effects of MSCs. This approach uses magnetic nanoparticles to magnetize MSCs and static magnetic fields to guide them in vivo, thus promoting more focused, effective, and lasting retention of MSCs at the target site. In the present review, we discuss the magnetic targeting technique, its principles, and the materials most commonly used; we also discuss its potential for MSC enhancement, and safety concerns that should be addressed before it can be applied in clinical practice.
间充质基质细胞（MSCs）已在再生医学领域得到广泛研究。众所周知，基于MSCs的疗法的成功主要取决于将细胞有效递送至靶位点，在该位点它们将分泌具有免疫调节和潜在修复特性的囊泡和可溶性因子。然而，一些损伤位于难以到达的部位，如心脏、脊髓和关节。此外，MSCs在靶位点的低保留率使得细胞治疗持续时间短，因此效果较差。在这种背景下，磁靶向技术已成为一种辅助递送、增加保留率并增强MSCs作用的新策略。这种方法使用磁性纳米颗粒使MSCs磁化，并利用静磁场在体内引导它们，从而促进MSCs在靶位点更集中、有效和持久的保留。在本综述中，我们讨论了磁靶向技术、其原理和最常用的材料；我们还讨论了其增强MSCs的潜力以及在临床应用前应解决的安全问题。
